Author: Liang Qidong, vice president and researcher of Liaoning Academy of Social Sciences.
Northeast China is the earliest established old industrial base featuring heavy chemical industry in China. It has a number of strategic industries and key enterprises related to the lifeline of the national economy and national security. In the course of decades of development, it has made historic contributions to the improvement of the national industrial system and the national economic system, the country’s reform, opening up and modernization. However, in recent years, Northeast China is facing new difficulties under the conditions of market economy. For example, the new features of regional industrial development have not been systematically formed, the economic ranking has moved backward, the brain drain is serious, and the task of adjusting the economic structure is arduous. Then, how to accurately grasp the core connotation, strategic positioning and key tasks of the revitalization of Northeast China from the historical mission entrusted by the central authorities? The author thinks, answer from the following angles.
First, the revitalization of Northeast China in the new era is a comprehensive revitalization and all-round revitalization.
The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized the promotion of the revitalization of Northeast China with new weather and new actions, and clearly put forward the revitalization of Northeast China in the new era, which is a comprehensive revitalization and all-round revitalization. How to understand "all-round revitalization and all-round revitalization"? Here, we should have a clear understanding of the connotation and objectives of the revitalization of Northeast China. "All-round revitalization and all-round revitalization" far exceeds and deepens the connotation and extension of the strategy of "Revitalizing the Old Industrial Bases in Northeast China", which includes the revitalization and development of industries, cities, infrastructure, ecological construction, foreign trade, talents and other industries, and embodies the "all-round" economic and social development; "All-round revitalization" is a three-dimensional revitalization, including industrial revitalization, including the revitalization of manufacturing, equipment manufacturing, energy industry, etc., as well as the revitalization of agriculture and service industry.
Specifically. There are "five inequalities" in the revitalization of Northeast China: revitalization is not only industrial revitalization, but also the coordinated development of three industries; Revitalization is not only the revitalization of state-owned economy, but also the development of private economy; Revitalization is not only the revitalization of a few large and medium-sized enterprises, but also the development of a large number of small and micro enterprises; Revitalization is not only the revitalization of cities, but also the overall planning of urban and rural areas, so as to realize the comprehensive promotion of county economy and rural economy and take the road of urban-rural integration development; Revitalization is not only economic revitalization, but also the coordinated and sustainable development of economy, society, culture and ecology. Therefore, the revitalization of Northeast China is a long-term process, which may require the efforts of several generations and cannot be achieved overnight. It is hoped that through several documents and policies, several major projects and a large amount of investment, the revitalization can be realized and simplified. To promote the revitalization of Northeast China, it is necessary to have stability, continuity and accumulation.
Second, promote the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China in the new era and form a strong support for the country’s major strategy
Better serve the new development pattern of "double cycle".Northeast China has a good foundation in industry, resources, ecology and location. Robots, medical CT, high-grade CNC machine tools, gas turbines, large tankers and other products are competitive in the international market. At the same time, Northeast China has a population of 100 million, which has huge market demand and consumption potential. These are good foundations and favorable conditions for expanding domestic demand and building a new development pattern for services in Northeast China. Therefore, the northeast region should organically combine the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand with the main line of supply-side structural reform, realize the comprehensive revitalization of the northeast in building a new development pattern, and build a new development pattern with the comprehensive revitalization and better service of the northeast.
On the one hand, we should give full play to the advantages of scene resources in industrial digitalization and data resources in digital industrialization in Northeast China, do a good job in opening up scene resources and data resources, promote the deep integration of digital economy and real economy, and cultivate and expand digital industrial clusters. Find the right focus on solving the "stuck neck" problem and contribute wisdom in the fields of new materials, fine chemicals, high-end equipment manufacturing, semiconductor chip manufacturing equipment, and industrial basic software. Advance the layout of future industries such as additive manufacturing, flexible electronics, third-generation semiconductor, quantum technology and energy storage materials, build logo products and leading enterprises, form a new industrial echelon, and contribute to the Northeast in improving the independent controllability of the industrial chain supply chain.
On the other hand, in the field of industrial advantages, intensive cultivation, the implementation of industrial base reconstruction projects, lay a solid foundation for basic parts, basic processes, key basic materials and so on. Build a substantial Industry-University-Research Alliance, so that enterprises can truly become the main body of technological innovation, invest all kinds of innovative resources in enterprises, and enterprises can form a community of interests with universities and research institutes through contractual relations, so that the Industry-University-Research Alliance has an endogenous driving force for innovation and the achievements of technological innovation can be transformed into social reality productivity as soon as possible. It is necessary to develop and expand scientific and technological enterprises, accelerate the introduction of scientific and technological enterprises, especially "young eagle", "gazelle" and "unicorn" enterprises, and let the flowers of innovation bloom all over the northeast.
Form a strong support for the country’s major strategy in the "five major security".General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that Northeast China is an important industrial and agricultural base in China, and it is very important to maintain the strategic position of national defense security, food security, ecological security, energy security and industrial security, which is related to the overall situation of national development. Northeast China is the cradle of new China’s industry and an important industrial and agricultural base in China. It has a number of strategic industries related to the lifeline of the national economy and national security, with strong supporting capacity in resources, industry, science and education, talents and infrastructure, and great development space and potential. Accelerating the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China is a strategic measure to promote the strategic adjustment of economic structure and improve the international competitiveness of China’s industries, an important task to promote regional coordinated development and create a new economic support belt, and an objective requirement to optimize and adjust the layout of state-owned assets and give full play to the leading role of the state-owned economy. Accelerating the overall revitalization of Northeast China is an important deployment to improve the strategic layout of China’s opening to the outside world and a powerful guarantee for safeguarding national food security and building an ecological security barrier in the north.
"Five major security" is the orientation of the times for the revitalization of Northeast China. From the change of northeast orientation, we can see the new ideas and strategies of regional coordinated development in China. The central government no longer emphasizes the ranking of GDP growth in various regions, but determines the positioning of different regions from the perspective of a national chess game, emphasizing that all regions give full play to their own advantages and help each other between regions, so that advantageous regions have more room for development. In the historical orientation of the new era, the revitalization of Northeast China should be grasped from the perspective of coordinating the overall layout of "five in one" and coordinating the promotion of "four comprehensive" strategic layouts. This orientation is the requirement of the times for Northeast China, and it is more mission-oriented. Northeast China undertakes the task of safeguarding the "five major security" of the country, and it should take the maintenance of the "five major security" as its political mission.
Third, plan the development layout of the 14 th Five-Year Plan in advance to revitalize the Northeast economy from a higher starting point
Do a good job in the "three big articles" of industrial structure adjustment. Industry is the traditional advantage of Northeast China. Industrial prosperity leads to northeast prosperity, and the revitalization of the northeast needs industrial revitalization first. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is an arduous task for Heilongjiang to change its mode and adjust its structure, and efforts should be made to optimize the industrial structure, transform and upgrade the "old brand", deeply develop the "original brand name" and cultivate and expand the "new brand name". To transform and upgrade the "time-honored brand", it is necessary to empower and increase efficiency for the "time-honored brand" industry with the new generation of information technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and Internet of Things, especially to enhance the intelligent level of manufacturing industry from the whole chain of independent research and development, design, manufacturing and system integration, and promote the upgrading of manufacturing industry to the direction of intelligence, green, high-end and service. In order to develop the original brand name deeply, it is necessary to supplement, extend and strengthen the chain of the original brand name industrial chain such as metallurgy and petrochemical, change the situation that there is more refining but less chemical, more coarse chemical and less fine chemical, more raw materials and less value-added chain, and promote the development of the original brand name industry to the middle and high end of the industrial chain value chain. To cultivate and grow "The new brand name is to vigorously promote the development of strategic emerging industries, high-tech manufacturing and high-tech service industries, and vigorously develop the digital economy.
Turn the short board of location into a long board of open cooperation. In the framework of "One Belt, One Road", Northeast China has a unique location advantage. The northeast is backed by Eurasia, bordering Russia, North Korea and Mongolia, facing Japan and South Korea across the sea, and connected with the European land and sea passage. It is an important node in the construction of the "Belt and Road" and an important gateway connecting Eurasia. Northeast China is the geographical center of Northeast Asia, which brings together four top 12 economic entities in the world, including China, Japan, Russia and South Korea, as well as North Korea, Mongolia and other countries, with great economic development potential. There are many open cities along the long sea-land border in Northeast China. Taking advantage of geographical advantages to integrate the development of Northeast China into the "Belt and Road", build a new highland of open cooperation, deepen the deep and wide ties with Northeast Asia, Central Asia and Europe, enhance the internal and external linkage ability of development, and gain more development opportunities in a broader world. This is the only way for the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China.
Facing the national opening chess game and the changing international situation, the opening up of Northeast China should not only focus on the trade of goods, but also be planned from a strategic perspective and a global perspective. In terms of opening strategy, we should be more imaginative, do a good job in opening coastal economic belts and borders, build an important window for China’s opening to the north and a hub for cooperation in Northeast Asia, build an important hub for the interconnection of the Silk Road, a frontier platform for economic and trade cooperation, and an important link for humanities exchanges, and build a new pattern of land and sea planning and all-round opening up. In the open layout, we should have a broader vision, highlight industrial characteristics, and strive to cultivate new advantages in foreign trade export competition. For example, Liaoning should increase the opening of the coastal economic belt and build an important platform for open cooperation between China, Japan and China and South Korea; Jilin should speed up the development and opening up of Changchun-Jilin-Tumen and promote international cooperation in Tumen River region. Heilongjiang should speed up all-round cooperation with Russia and promote the joint protection and development of Heixiazi Island. In terms of open design, we should make greater moves, promote the construction of major infrastructure projects, improve the service level of channels, actively promote the construction of free trade pilot zones, and replicate and promote the reform experience of free trade pilot zones; Promote the implementation of a number of major landmark projects using foreign capital and support leading enterprises to strengthen foreign cooperation; Create a bridgehead and hub station for Sino-Russian cooperation, and accelerate major cross-border infrastructure projects such as the Sino-Russian natural gas pipeline and the Sino-Russian coastal international traffic corridor; Promote economic cooperation among China, Japan and South Korea, develop advantageous industrial clusters, and achieve multilateral cooperation and win-win results. In the open operation, we should take more hard measures, innovate investment channels and create an investment environment.Determine the focus of attracting investment, so that distant friends are willing to stay; It is necessary to deepen the reform of the administrative system, vigorously simplify administration and decentralize power, and exchange the "subtraction" of government power for the "addition" of opening up; Constantly improve policies and measures to expand opening up and promote investment and trade facilitation.
Make full use of the precious "spiritual wealth" formed in Northeast China for a long time. With the establishment and development of New China, in this hot land of Northeast China, generations of entrepreneurs have made immortal contributions to the development and glory of New China. On all fronts and in ordinary jobs, a large number of advanced model figures have emerged in Northeast China, which have had an important influence throughout the country. Lei Feng, Meng Tai, Wang Chonglun, Wang Jinxi, Ma Hengchang, Jiang Xinsong, Guo Mingyi and Luo Yang are their outstanding representatives. At the same time, it also produced the touching spirit of Lei Feng, Meng Tai, Great Northern Wilderness, Daqing and Iron Man, which concentrated on the entrepreneurial process of these representatives’ hard work, hard work, courage to explore and selfless dedication, and became a valuable spiritual wealth for the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China today.
In the critical period of revitalizing the Northeast, it is even more necessary to boost confidence. To boost confidence, we must maintain a good mental state, always be energetic and positive. A new round of revitalization in Northeast China needs the spirit of entrepreneurship and last stand’s determination to reform. To boost confidence, we must have the courage to blaze new trails, dare to challenge in the restricted area of thought, dare to be serious in the misunderstanding of understanding, dare to explore in the blind area of practice, constantly break through the ideological concepts that hinder development, constantly get rid of the institutional drawbacks that affect development, and combine the courage to blaze new trails with a scientific and realistic attitude, respect the law and dare to surpass it. To boost confidence, we must be full of passion for development, have such a kind of enthusiasm, a desperate spirit, a spirit of daring to do things and be the first, and a kind of heroism that we will never give up until we reach our goals. As long as we emancipate our minds and make great efforts to reform, the comprehensive and all-round revitalization of Northeast China will be just around the corner.