标签： 广州阡陌同城

In 70 years, 150,000 cultural relics ＂went home＂ to reveal the story behind the return of cultural relics.

　　CCTV News:Bo Yuan Tie, Wu Niu Tu, Wang Chu Zhi Tomb Relief Stone Carving, Longmen Grottoes Stone Carving Buddha Statue, Qin Cemetery Gold Decorative Piece, Pan Fang, Yuanmingyuan Bronze Tiger, Zeng Boke Father Bronze Assembler … … Behind every cultural relic, there is a tortuous return story. On September 17th, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and National Cultural Heritage Administration hosted the "Road to Return — — The exhibition on the return of lost cultural relics in the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China opened at the National Museum of China.

　　Liu Yuzhu, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, pointed out in his speech that the cultural relics lost overseas in China are an inseparable part of China’s cultural heritage, and the return of cultural relics is closely related to the rise and fall of the country’s chaos, which closely touches the hearts of Chinese people. The Party and the government attach great importance to the rescue and protection of lost cultural relics. Since 1949, more than 300 batches and 150,000 pieces of lost overseas cultural relics in China have been successfully returned through law enforcement cooperation, judicial proceedings, negotiated donation and rescue collection.

　　In this exhibition, 25 representative cases of cultural relics’ return were carefully selected, and more than 600 cultural relics from 12 provinces and cities and 18 cultural and art institutions were mobilized to participate in the exhibition, and the tortuous course and wonderful stories of cultural relics’ return were excavated and told. Let’s enjoy the magnificent 70-year return of cultural relics in the return story.

The bronze statue of the rabbit in Yuanmingyuan, donated by Mr. Francois Pinault in the Qing Dynasty, is in the National Museum of China.

　　In the mid-19th century, the great powers’ strong ships and strong guns shattered the dream of going to China in the late Qing Dynasty. In 1860, the British and French allied forces captured Beijing, the Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens was set on fire, and precious cultural relics were swept west. A treasure that has lost its dignity and glory records an embarrassing past in the drift from place to place, and also affects the heartstrings of thousands of people.

　　Since the 1980s, the lost cultural relics in China, including the animal heads of Yuanmingyuan, have appeared overseas one after another. International auction companies have repeatedly made profits at high prices, and Chinese people have been strongly indignant and condemned. International public opinion has paid extensive attention to it, and the return of cultural relics is facing many obstacles. The China Municipal Government has always been determined to promote the return of cultural relics, from the state-owned enterprises bidding for the heads of cattle, tigers and monkeys, to the donation of Chinese businessmen for the heads of horses and pigs, and then to the return of foreign friends for the heads of rats and rabbits. The animal heads in Yuanmingyuan have traveled from scattered stars to reunited, which is exactly a road to the return of cultural relics lost in China.

　　The bronze statue of the animal head in Yuanmingyuan was originally a component of the fountain of the zodiac in Haiyan Hall of Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, the British and French allied forces looted Yuanmingyuan and lost it overseas. The animal head was designed by western painters during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, and made by artisans in China court, combining the cultural characteristics of the East and the West. The animal head is lifelike in shape and delicate in performance, showing a high technological level.

　The word "Liao" in volumes 5248 and 5249 of Yongle Dadian was returned by the former Soviet government in 1954 in the Ming Dynasty and kept by the National Library of China.

　　Yongle Dadian was written in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, which was the first encyclopedic document integration in ancient China, and a set of copies was copied in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Sadly, after the rise and fall of political power and the catastrophe of war, the original Yongle Dadian has disappeared, and a few surviving copies are also lost.

　　During Eight-Nation Alliance’s invasion of China in 1900, German soldiers snatched three volumes of Yongle Dadian from the Imperial Academy in Beijing, and then collected them in the library of Leipzig University in Germany. On December 11th, 1955, the former GDR Chancellor Grotewohl returned the three volumes of Yongle Dadian and ten Boxer flags to China.

　Wang Xianzhi’s Mid-Autumn Festival Post (copy), Jin Dynasty, the original is in the Palace Museum. (Because the Mid-Autumn Post and Han Xizai’s Night Banquet are currently in the dormant period of cultural relics, this exhibition shows replicas. )

　　Mid-Autumn Post, Bo Yuan Post, and the Post of Quick Snow in the National Palace Museum in Taipei are collectively called "Three Wishes" by Qianlong. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival and Boyuan were taken out of the Forbidden City by Puyi, and then changed hands several times and moved to Hong Kong. In October, 1951, Zheng Zhenduo learned that "Erxi" was about to be sold by inquiry, and immediately started the rescue of cultural relics with the assistance of Xu Senyu, Hu Huichun and Xu Bojiao. Wang Yeqiu, then deputy director of the Cultural Relics Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, was ordered to negotiate with Xu Senyu, director of the Shanghai Cultural Management Committee, and Ma Heng, president of the Palace Museum, and finally successfully bought back Erxi and handed it over to the Palace Museum for collection, ending the decades-long drift of two national treasures.

　Yang Quan donated cultural relics.

　　Yang Quan, a native of Guangdong, moved to Hong Kong with his father when he was a teenager. He was deeply saddened by the loss of cultural relics in the motherland and determined to do his best to protect Chinese cultural relics. During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, Yang Quan went through all kinds of difficulties to save the collection of cultural relics from being poisoned. Before liberation, he witnessed the situation that China cultural relics were stolen and sold by imperialists, warlords, bureaucrats and illegal profiteers in Hongkong, and he was heartbroken and longed for the prosperity of the motherland. In 1946, Yang Quan told Guo Moruo that he would donate his personal cultural relics unconditionally to the "trustworthy government". Therefore, after the founding of New China, he deeply realized that "the motherland became strong after liberation, but also because the government paid attention to the preservation, collation and research of cultural relics", and he decided to donate all cultural relics to the new China government.

　　From 1959 to 1964, Mr. Yang Quan overcame all kinds of difficulties and transported more than 5,000 pieces (sets) of cultural relics collected by him to the mainland in eight batches and donated them to the country. Mr. Yang Quan’s lifelong wish has been fulfilled. This is the largest cultural relic donation accepted by our government at the beginning of the founding of New China.

　Copper crane, collected in the management office of the Summer Palace in Beijing in Qing Dynasty.

　Baoyunge copper window, collected in the management office of Beijing Summer Palace in Qing Dynasty.

　　The Baoyunge Copper Hall in the Summer Palace was built in Qianlong for twenty years. All the components of the copper hall, such as beams, arches, rafters and plaques, were cast by the traditional "wax pulling method" and "sand breaking method" in China. In 1900, the Summer Palace was looted by Eight-Nation Alliance, and ten bronze windows in the bronze hall of Baoyunge were lost to France.

　　Around 1992, maurice greene Berg, the chairman of the American Industrial and Commercial Insurance Company, accidentally learned the whereabouts of ten copper windows, bought these copper windows in July 1993 with a large sum of money, and returned them to China for free. On December 3, 1993, the restoration and installation of the bronze window was completed in the Summer Palace, and the bronze window was finally returned to Baoyun Pavilion. The bronze temple stands tall, making future generations want to see the longevity scenery and beautiful scenery of that year.

　　In 1975, Dr. Ambrose Harding of the United Kingdom gave back the Qing Dynasty bronze cranes and other cultural relics looted by the British and French allied forces from Qingyi Garden (the predecessor of the Summer Palace) in 1860.

　　All the components of Baoyunge are cast by the traditional "wax-pulling method" and "sand-breaking method" in China, and then they are continuously cast together to form an integral bronze temple, which embodies the outstanding achievements of investment casting technology in China and has high scientific value. The style of the bronze crane is realistic, the shape is plump and strong, which means auspiciousness. The return of cultural relics in the Summer Palace is of great significance for restoring the integrity and authenticity of the Summer Palace.

　　The bronze windows and cranes in the Summer Palace are lost cultural relics that returned earlier through donations from international friends.

　The Buddha’s head in Gaoshu niche, returned by Chinese Americans in the Northern Wei Dynasty, collected by Longmen Grottoes Research Institute.

　Luohan statue in Kanjing Temple, Tang Dynasty, returned by Canadian government, collected by Longmen Grottoes Research Institute.

　　At the beginning of the 20th century, Longmen Grottoes, the artistic treasure of ancient Buddhist sculpture in China, was severely damaged and chiseled, and countless exquisite statues were lost overseas. Guyang Cave, Lianhua Cave, Huoding Cave, Wanfo Cave, Kanjing Temple, etc. were particularly damaged, and the Buddha sculptures in many grottoes were "beheaded" for a long time. Among them, the Kanjing Temple relief Luohan statue was stolen in 1930s, and it appeared in European and American auctions, and was later donated to the National Gallery of Canada. In April 2001, after friendly consultations between the two sides, the National Gallery of Canada decided to return the cultural relics to China free of charge after fully understanding the background and great historical and cultural value of the theft of the relief Luohan statue. This is the first time that the Chinese government has prompted important foreign cultural relics collection institutions to retreat and return the lost cultural relics.

　　The return of Kanjing Temple’s reliefs of Lohan opened the prelude to the return of the stolen Buddha statues in Longmen Grottoes. From 2004 to 2005, after rigorous expert argumentation and research by Longmen Grottoes Research Institute, National Cultural Heritage Administration rescued and collected seven Buddhist statues in Longmen Grottoes, including the head of Sakyamuni Buddha in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the head of Guanyin Bodhisattva in Huoding Cave, and held a celebration of the return of Longmen Grottoes lost overseas in October 2005.

　Bronze dish Fang Qian, Shang Dynasty, Hunan Provincial Museum.

　　In 1919, Qijiahe, Taoyuan County, Hunan Province, unearthed a large, majestic and exquisite bronze square mound, which was called "dish square mound" because of its inscription. This Qian is a representative work of bronze wares in China in the late Shang Dynasty and early Western Zhou Dynasty.　

　　At that time, the land of China was devastated and its civilization was not prosperous. Unfortunately, the body was exiled overseas, passed on to antique dealers in several countries, and drifted to foreign countries in Asia, America and Europe. The lid has been kept in private hands in China, and it was nationalized in 1952. In 1956, the Hunan Provincial Cultural Management Committee handed it over to the Hunan Provincial Museum for collection. In the early 1990s, Japanese collectors interacted with provincial museums several times, and both sides tried to combine the artifacts in their own ways, but they failed.

　　In 2013, the dish square reappeared in the international auction market, and will be officially auctioned in the United States in March 2014. In order to prevent cultural relics from being displaced overseas, under the coordination of National Cultural Heritage Administration and with the support of Hunan Provincial Party Committee and Government, Hunan Province sent a delegation to new york to discuss the return of cultural relics. In the end, with the goodwill of all parties, the original auction plan was cancelled and the vessel was returned to the embrace of the motherland. On June 28, 2014, all sides of the dish day bowed their heads and entered the Hunan Provincial Museum, and finally completed this century-long road of return.

　Dengyu Stone Tower, Tang Dynasty, Shanxi Museum.

　　In 1998, the stone pagoda in Dengyu was stolen and moved to Taiwan Province, China. In 2015, it was donated to Zhongtai Temple by private collectors. The abbot, the founder of the temple, felt that the elder was willing to donate the tower back after learning that it came from Shanxi. National Cultural Heritage Administration attached great importance to the relevant information, and immediately organized an expert group to carry out investigation and verification, on-site evidence collection, and coordinated the Shanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics and Zhongtai Temple to jointly carry out historical records research, identification and comparison, and finally confirmed that the stone pagoda in Zhongtai Temple was indeed the stolen tower of Dengyu Stone Pagoda. In August 2016, Shanxi Museum and Zhongtai Temple signed the Agreement on Donating Cultural Relics. In January 2017, the tower arrived in Shanxi Museum and finally returned to his hometown after 20 years of disobedience.

　　Dengyu Stone Pagoda, located in Dengyu Village, Yushe County, Shanxi Province, is a four-faced Buddha statue tower carved with stones and painted in Tang Dynasty, which consists of four parts: base, tower body, tower eaves and tower brake. The stone pagoda is a masterpiece of Buddhist stone carving art in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, with its solemn and simple shape and rich body-building in high relief.

　　Taiwan Province and the mainland belong to the same China, and the two sides of the strait are of the same ancestry and culture. The tower safely returned to its hometown, drawing a satisfactory end to the anxiety of leaving home for many years. This is another landmark event that remains in the hearts of people on both sides of the strait and is recorded in the history of cross-strait cultural exchanges.

　Bronze Tiger Gun, Western Zhou Dynasty, China National Museum.

　　Bronze Tiger Gun is a cultural relic in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, which was originally collected in Yuanmingyuan. In 1860, the British and French allied forces looted Yuanmingyuan, among which the bronze tiger was taken away by Harry Evans, a British naval officer, and brought back to Britain.

　　In March, 2018, the news that the tigers of Yuanmingyuan will be auctioned in Britain triggered strong repercussions from all walks of life in China, deeply affecting the heartstrings of domestic people and patriotic overseas Chinese. Knowing that Tiger Gun was backward, National Cultural Heritage Administration immediately carried out information collection, consultation and negotiation, coordination and linkage, publicity and guidance, and comprehensively used various channels such as diplomacy, commerce and public opinion to actively promote the return of bronze Tiger Gun.

　　At the end of April, 2018, the overseas buyers of the bronze Tiger Gun expressed their willingness to donate cultural relics to National Cultural Heritage Administration, China. On September 21, 2018, the delegation of National Cultural Heritage Administration held a donation reception ceremony for the tiger sole in the British Embassy of China. In December, 2018, the bronze tiger tiger was officially admitted to the National Museum of China.

　Zeng Boke’s father bronze assembly, early Spring and Autumn Period.

　　At the beginning of March 2019, National Cultural Heritage Administration learned that a Japanese auction house planned to auction the bronze assembly of Zeng Boke’s father, which was suspected to have been lost in China, and immediately organized a team of experts to study the bronze assembly, confirming that it was a cultural relic illegally left the country after the tomb of Zeng Guo in Hubei Province was recently stolen, and then jointly pursued recourse with the public security department through criminal and diplomatic channels.

　　On March 9, National Cultural Heritage Administration officially sent a note to the Japanese Embassy in China, demanding that the Japanese government return the cultural relics lost in China in accordance with relevant international conventions. On the same day, Japanese auction companies publicly announced that they would withdraw the bronze assembly. Subsequently, representatives of the Chinese and Japanese governments jointly met with representatives of auction enterprises, and the public security organs intensively promoted the investigation of cultural relics smuggling crimes, which eventually led to the entrusting party of bronze assembly auction handing over cultural relics to the state free of charge.

　　The bronze assembly of Zeng Boke’s father was cast by Ke Fu, a high-ranking aristocrat in the State of Zeng in the Spring and Autumn Period. It includes eight pieces in six categories, including ding, GUI, pot, pan, pheasant and cup. It is rich in categories, exquisitely cast and well preserved. Each bronze has an inscription, totaling 330 words, which contains rich historical and cultural information. The artifacts of "Father Zeng Boke" have not been found in archaeological discoveries at present, which is of great academic value for studying the history and culture of the Spring and Autumn Period, the patriarchal clan system of Zeng State, and the dating and casting technology of bronzes.

　　At that time, every cultural relic was burdened with the weight of the times and the sorrow of the nation; Returning today, what each cultural relic has written is the road to revival and the dream of China.

　　It is reported that the exhibition will last until the middle and late November.

Don’t wash beef with clear water. I’ll teach you a trick. Dirty things will come out by themselves!

Beef is rich in protein and creatine. Its nutritional composition is closer to human needs than pork.

It is about to enter summer, and the hot weather makes many people feel that they should eat less beef, thinking that beef is a patent in autumn and winter.

In fact, this is a misunderstanding of beef in the traditional diet concept. The weather in summer is hot and consumes a lot, especially for people who do manual labor or do more exercise and fitness. Eating beef can provide them with high-quality energy needed by muscles and cells.

Eating beef in summer gets angry?

Beef, like other animal proteins, can be eaten in all seasons. It won’t make you "get angry" by itself. The cause of getting angry lies in the cooking methods and ingredients, such as star anise, pepper and pepper.

If you want to avoid getting angry when eating beef, you can choose the method of "cold and hot collocation". When cooking beef, add some cool vegetables and stew them together. Such as carrots, potatoes, mushrooms, cabbage and so on.

In ancient times, it was said that beef is the second largest meat food in China, second only to pork, and enjoys the reputation of "the favorite among the meat".

I believe many people still like to eat beef, so how do you clean the beef you bought? Many people directly rinse the beef with clear water and then start slicing or blanching.

In fact, the more boiled the beef, the dirtier it is! There are a lot of blood clots in beef. After blanching, the blood clots are all condensed in beef and can’t get out at all. In this way, the smell of beef must be very heavy!

Teach you a trick to clean beef correctly:

Tips for cleaning beef

/cleaning/

Step 1: Put the bought beef under the tap and rinse it with running water. First, rinse off some bacteria and dirt on the beef surface. Then prepare a bowl or basin and pour a proper amount of warm water into it.

Note: Washing any meat with warm water not exceeding 50 degrees can wash away the blood of meat products.

Step 2: The next step is very important, which is to add a proper amount of salt and a spoonful of white vinegar to warm water.

White vinegar and salt have bactericidal effect, and warm water can soak blood out of beef. Rub the beef slowly with your hands.

At this time, we will find that the dirty things fled out actively ~ blood foam and blood clots all floated on the water.

Step 3: Take out the beef, then pour in the right amount of water and wash it several times. The beef washed in this way is tasteless and very clean.

It is also very important to blanch the beef after cleaning.

/drowning/

Practice: put the cleaned beef into a cold water pot. Remember, it must be a cold water pot.

Then add an appropriate amount of onion, ginger and garlic to the pot, cover the pot and simmer for about 4 minutes. At this time, we will find a layer of dirty things floating on the water.

Skim off these dirty things, then fish out the beef, put it in clean water and rinse it again.

Doing so can make beef cleaner. Moreover, we can kill two birds with one stone by adding onion, ginger and garlic to the pot, which can remove some fishy smell of beef itself.

Through these two steps, the treated beef is very clean and has no fishy smell at all. Whether we use it to braise in soy sauce or make soup, the taste will be much better than that of beef processed by ordinary methods before.

Especially when we are cooking soup, we will find that the meat quality of beef will be more tender and firm, and it will be more delicious.

There is still a problem with eating beef-the stew is not bad!

You can’t even chew ~ ~

Stewing time is too short to cook.

It’s easy to get old after a long time

It’s really delicious beef, but it’s not easy to cook!

How can beef be stewed?

First, choose the meat to make it soft and tender.

Choose fat and thin meat.

Whether it is frying or stewing, choosing the fat and thin one will be more tender than the pure thin one.

It’s better to try beef rib stew, cut into hob pieces, rich in oil, and stewed tender tendons in it, which is rich in taste. You can also choose bovine tendon, the anterior tendon is more tender and the posterior tendon is good. Cutting hob blocks or small pieces will do. Cattle tendon rots quickly, and usually it will be cooked just right after stewing for one and a half hours.

Choosing the right part is the key.

Choosing the right part is the key, and it depends on your cooking method. Fresh meat is suitable for frying and scalding hot pot, and beef brisket, beef tendon and tail are suitable for stewing.

Second, the prelude to cooking, there are doorways to deal with beef

The fibers of the meat are interrupted first.

Cut off the fiber directly with a pine needle or a pine hammer, and then fry, fry or stew it.

You can also use the back of the Chinese kitchen knife to pat the meat or the side of the knife and photograph the fascia of the meat spreading.

Vertical texture meat block

Pay attention to the meat when you cut it. Don’t cut it along the grain, but cut it perpendicular to the grain.

Cured meat has a doorway.

Marinate the beef with baking soda powder and starch for more than half an hour, and the beef will be tender.

When pickling, you must add blending oil first, and you can’t add salt. The salt will dehydrate, and it will be old no matter how it is cooked!

You can also squeeze some lemon juice when pickling. Fruit acid can destroy the tissue of meat.

Third, the small coup when stewing beef

Use tea skillfully, only add boiling water.

If it is stewed, wrap a pinch of tea with gauze, which can enhance the flavor and make the beef tender faster. Add enough water at one time. If water must be added halfway, add boiling water instead of cold water.

Honey or red wine proteolytic protein

When stewing, put some honey or red wine, both of which contain enzymes and proteases that decompose animal proteins, which can make the meat soft, but honey will be decomposed before the broth is scalded.

Sugar and vinegar destroy the cell structure.

Sugar and vinegar can destroy the cellular structure of beef and make its meat soft and rotten. You can also simply put one or two hawthorn instead, and the effect is the same. Because hawthorn contains a certain amount of lipase and maslinic acid, it can promote lipolysis and improve the activity of proteolytic enzymes, and the main components of meat are protein and fat.

Use beer instead of water.

Using beer instead of water, the approximate ratio is two Jin of beef and a bottle of beer. Even beef tendon can be stewed in two hours!

Add soybean sauce and tomatoes, soft and delicious.

When you stew beef, add some soybean sauce and stew it in a pressure cooker for 20 minutes. After coming out, the soup is particularly good and soft.

Beef stew with tomatoes is king. If you don’t want tomatoes to dominate, just add one or half. Beef rots quickly and tastes better.

These are some tips about stewing beef.

If you have other ways to stew beef,

Welcome to share with us all in the message!

Source: Quality Living Home (gzlshzs)

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Original title: "Don’t wash beef with clear water, teach you a trick, and dirty things will come out by themselves! 》

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Chevrolet’s new generation Corvette or mass production in 2014

speed up apply the brakes oil consumption second rice rise Cherish testing Corvette C7 Stingray for others’ dreams. Evaluation editor-Yu Han:

This is a unique sports car, and it should be a sports car that you think will cost millions, but you can actually buy it with a fraction. But its domestic price is several times that of the United States, and when we bought it, our mood was completely different from that of Americans. Even if Corvette is an American sports car, I will give it 10 points for its progress and dream.

Evaluation editor-Shi Muhua:

Culture is hard to understand in different environments. I can’t personally understand what an 8-cylinder naturally aspirated sports car means to Americans. But I clearly know how much I wish we could have our own Corvette.

Evaluation Editor-Hu Zhengyu:

The representative work of American sports car is not perfect, but sexy and grounded. In its birthplace, it is a dream that ordinary people can realize through struggle. As the seventh generation product, C7 Stingray has well continued these family temperament. If you travel to the United States, you should rent one and experience the American dream on the straight route 66.

Service consumption is the new engine to expand consumption.

　　Consumption is the ultimate demand, which is not only the ultimate goal and motive force of production, but also the direct embodiment of people’s needs for a better life. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that it is necessary to establish an effective system to expand domestic demand, release the potential of domestic demand, speed up the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, strengthen demand-side management, expand household consumption, and upgrade consumption levels, so as to make the construction of a super-large domestic market a sustainable historical process. Since the beginning of this year, China has effectively coordinated epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, intensified macro-policy adjustment, effectively implemented a package of policies and measures to stabilize the economy, and withstood the downward pressure on the economy brought about by unexpected unexpected unexpected factors. However, we should also see that the foundation of China’s economic recovery is still unstable, the contradiction of insufficient demand is still outstanding, and the recovery of consumer demand is still weak. To enhance the basic role of consumption in economic recovery, we must conform to the new trend of consumption structure upgrading and give play to the traction and driving role of service consumption in expanding consumption.

　　The development of service consumption in China presents three major trends.

　　Service consumption is an important force to release consumption potential. With the growth of residents’ income and the expansion of middle-income groups, China’s consumption structure has been accelerated, and the trend of residents’ consumption service has accelerated, which has become an important driving force for expanding domestic demand. In recent years, communication services, mass catering, culture and entertainment, leisure travel, education and training, health and wellness are becoming new consumption hotspots. In 2019, China’s per capita service consumption expenditure was close to 10,000 yuan, accounting for 45.9% of residents’ per capita consumption expenditure, and the consumption structure accelerated the transformation from physical consumption to service consumption. From the international experience, the proportion of service consumption in the final consumption of major developed countries is about 74% on average. In 2021, China’s per capita GDP has reached $12,500, and the increase in the proportion of service consumption will be the general trend.

　　Different from the development stage of service consumption in developed countries, China’s accelerated development of service consumption is in the period of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, in the period of residents’ pursuit of high-quality life in the new era and new stage, in the period of demographic changes and younger consumers, showing a series of new characteristics.

　　First, the development of service consumption and the rapid rise of digital economy meet, showing a trend of accelerating digitalization. A new generation of digital technologies, such as big data, 5G and artificial intelligence, have rapidly penetrated into the field of service consumption, accelerating the online and offline integration of service industry, enriching service consumption scenarios, improving service consumption experience, promoting service consumption reform, and promoting more effective matching between service supply and service consumption demand, which has provided a strong impetus for the development of new service consumption formats and new models.

　　Second, the development of service consumption and residents’ pursuit of high-quality life meet, showing a trend of accelerating high-end. Residents’ demand for service quality and quality is increasing day by day, which accelerates the transformation of service consumption from focusing on quantity satisfaction to pursuing quality improvement. For example, in the tourism industry, the order volume of holiday four-star and five-star hotels has increased, and the willingness and ability of tourists to spend high-end has been further enhanced.

　　Third, the development of service consumption meets the change of population age structure, showing the trend of younger consumers. The characteristics of service consumption largely depend on the characteristics of consumer groups. With the younger consumer groups, a new generation of consumer groups with "post-90 s" and "post-00 s" as the main body pursue fashion and brands, are willing to try new things, accelerate the rise of personalized consumption, and promote the segmentation of service consumption and the development of diversified consumer markets.

　　In a word, the new trend of service consumption transformation and upgrading in China promotes the service market to glow with new vitality and vitality, and promotes the model innovation of service consumption and the iterative upgrading of supply.

　　Digital transformation promotes profound changes in service consumption.

　　The digital transformation of service consumption is of great significance for releasing consumption potential. Digitalization solves the problem of information asymmetry between supply and demand, and both ends of supply and demand realize quick search and matching of supply and demand information through internet platform, releasing potential consumption potential; Digitalization realizes the matching of supply and demand in time and space, guides different people to spend at the wrong peak and time, and greatly improves service capacity and service efficiency; Digitalization better meets the needs of customers, and further enhances customer satisfaction by providing customers with more customized services. With the wide penetration of digital technology into the service field, the digitalization of service consumption in China presents two new trends.

　　First, the digitalization of service consumption has changed from a single breakthrough to full chain coverage, which has bred new business models. At the enterprise level, digital technology is infiltrating from front-end links such as customer diversion, online order and after-sales service to back-end links such as supply chain management, personnel management and operational decision-making, opening up front-end and back-end data to enhance linkage effect and promote enterprise management efficiency. At the industry level, digital technology is extending to upstream and downstream industries along the industrial chain, promoting enterprises to digitize all business processes such as material procurement, logistics, processing, retail, distribution and financing services, improving the efficiency of resource allocation through data integration, and forming a digital ecology of service consumption. For example, with the development of technologies such as drone distribution, Beidou navigation, and 5G cloud intelligent robots, retail links, including fresh food, will realize instant point-to-point supply, and expand the development space of new formats such as direct supply of e-commerce and unmanned retail. For another example, the integration of material supply is strengthened, the trend of seamless docking is accelerated, and the intelligent level of supply chain is continuously improved, which will greatly improve the collaborative efficiency of supply system. Taking the catering industry as an example, the construction of smart restaurants further promotes the traceability of agricultural products in smart agriculture, the efficiency of procurement and distribution in smart logistics, and the convenience of financing for SMEs in financial technology, which further promotes the high-quality development of service consumption.

　　Second, the digitalization of service consumption expands from the demand side to the supply side, and promotes the digitalization of the entire upstream and downstream chain. With the improvement of users’ requirements for service experience such as quality and efficiency, the digitalization of demand side will force the supply side to accelerate the digital transformation and promote the shift of development focus from consumer Internet to industrial Internet. At the same time, with the reduction of the application cost of digital technology, the increase of third-party service providers and the emergence of more successful cases, the willingness of suppliers to actively promote digital transformation is increasing. If we say that in the past period, China’s consumer Internet rose rapidly, forming a number of platform enterprises in the forefront of the world. It can be expected that the development of industrial Internet on the supply side will also breed a number of large-scale platform enterprises in the coming period.

　　Accelerate the expansion and quality improvement of service consumption

　　Accelerating the expansion and upgrading of service consumption is not only an important way to expand domestic demand, but also will inject new impetus into the upgrading of consumption structure and high-quality economic development. In the coming period, efforts should be made at the levels of supply, demand and system to encourage the development of new modes and formats of service consumption and help upgrade the consumption structure.

　　The first is to tap the potential of the service consumption market. Expand middle-income groups, give play to the backbone role of middle-income groups in leading the upgrading of service consumption, and make them the main force of middle and high-end service consumption such as education, medical care and leisure tourism. Adhere to the positioning of "houses are for living, not for speculation", accelerate the establishment of a housing system with multi-agent supply, multi-channel guarantee and simultaneous rent and purchase, and steadily implement a long-term real estate mechanism to stabilize land prices, house prices and expectations, promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market and reduce the crowding-out effect on consumption. Improve the holiday system, implement the paid vacation system, and encourage holiday consumption and night economic development. Support the construction of consumption center cities and cultivate international consumption center cities.

　　The second is to promote the structural reform of the supply side of service consumption. Further liberalize the market access of the service industry and encourage social capital to participate in the development of the service industry. Further expand the opening up of the service industry and promote the deepening reform and efficiency improvement of the domestic service industry. Improve the service industry standard system, promote the benchmarking of domestic standards and international standards, and improve the quality of service consumption. Accelerate the deep integration of online and offline service consumption, and cultivate new consumption patterns and new formats such as online retail, online education, smart tourism and internet medical care. Improve the consumer rights protection system, innovate the supervision methods, and create a secure consumption environment.

　　The third is to deepen the digital transformation of service consumption. Encourage the digital transformation of different sub-sectors and continuously expand the field and scope. Accelerate the service enterprises to "use the number to give wisdom" and accurately solve the problem of capital shortage of small and medium-sized enterprises through tax deduction and financial subsidies. Promote the widespread use of SaaS and other systems in small and medium-sized service enterprises, so that more enterprises can join the digital transformation process. Give full play to the advantages of data and technology of service consumption platform, and build a "internet plus" service consumption ecology. Strengthen vocational skills training, improve the digital skills of service consumers, and enhance the digital transformation ability of service enterprises.

　　The fourth is to increase government expenditure on public services. From the international experience, in the range of per capita GDP from $10,000 to $25,000, the increase in the proportion of government expenditure is the most significant, and this period is often the accelerated period of service consumption development. In the coming period, China’s economic development is at this stage. It is necessary to gradually increase government spending on education, medical care, housing, social security and other fields, improve the level and equalization of basic public services, further enhance residents’ service consumption capacity, and expand the development space of service consumption.

National Health Commission introduced the recent important health policy documents.

　　On April 25th, the National Health and Wellness Commission held a meeting on "All for People’s Health — — Our ten years "theme press conference. Hu Qiangqiang, spokesperson of the National Health and Wellness Commission, reported on the recent important health policy documents.

　　First, the Joint Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Finance and other departments issued the "Notice on Launching the Action to Enhance the Ability of Combining Medical Care with Nursing Care in the Community", requiring relying on qualified township community service institutions such as medical care and old-age care to promote the organic connection between primary health care and old-age care services, so as to better meet the health and old-age care needs of the elderly in the jurisdiction.

　　Second, the Joint Medical Insurance Bureau, the Chinese Medicine Bureau and other departments issued the "Administrative Measures for Mutual Recognition of Inspection Results of Medical Institutions" to standardize the requirements of organization and management, mutual recognition rules and quality control of mutual recognition of inspection results.

　　The third is to issue the Recommended Catalogue of Day Surgery (2022 Edition), and update the recommended catalogue of day surgery to 708 items, so as to guide medical institutions to vigorously promote day surgery and provide more convenient medical services for the masses.

　　The fourth is to issue the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases Related to Tumors and Hematological Diseases (2022 Edition), to clarify the diagnosis and treatment requirements of 21 solid tumors and hematological diseases such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer and leukemia, and to improve the standardized level of diagnosis and treatment.

　　Fifth, the United Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine issued the Technical Plan for Graded Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease in Counties, which standardized the technical requirements for graded diagnosis and treatment of seven diseases such as chronic kidney disease, hypertension and dyslipidemia in counties, clarified the functional orientation of county medical institutions in early detection, early diagnosis and long-term standardized management, and ensured that patients with chronic diseases enjoyed integrated and high-quality medical services.

Looking at the new trend of high-quality development in 2022 from the local two conferences

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 15th Topic: Looking at the new trend of high-quality development in 2022 from the local two conferences.

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Recently, the two sessions in Tianjin in 2022 closed, and the local two sessions closed. Grasping new kinetic energy to cultivate, expanding investment to promote consumption and optimizing business environment … … We can see many new trends of high-quality development from the new measures and new layouts launched by the local two conferences.

　　Expand new kinetic energy and move towards high quality

　　54 seconds! This is the speed created by Guangzhou Ruisong Technology’s intelligent flexible production line, which can complete the automatic assembly of a car with four doors and two lids in less than one minute.

　　In the Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger, the company’s intelligent production line is busy. The work report of Guangdong provincial government proposes to promote the construction of 20 strategic industrial clusters. Grasp the "six major projects" of manufacturing industry, improve the "chain length system" and build a world-class advanced manufacturing cluster.

　　"Cluster development means that through market leadership and government guidance, we will focus on the shortcomings of industrial commonality and make key breakthroughs." Sun Zhiqiang, deputy of Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress and chairman of Ruisong Technology, said.

　　In the face of pressure challenges, maintain strategic strength and anchor high-quality development.

　　By combing the work reports of local governments, it can be found that it is an important task for many places in 2022 to increase the drive of innovation and accelerate the conversion of old and new kinetic energy:

　　The work report of the Shanghai Municipal Government proposes to fully promote the "Shanghai Plan" of the three major industries of integrated circuits, biomedicine and artificial intelligence, accelerate the cultivation and development of new kinetic energy, and strengthen the layout of new tracks and terminal driving;

　　The work report of the Liaoning provincial government proposes to implement the intelligent upgrading project in depth and build a number of intelligent factories and digital workshops;

　　According to the work report of Anhui provincial government, in 2022, 500 provincial "specialized and innovative" enterprises will be cultivated, and about 80 national "small giant" enterprises will be created … …

　　On how to implement the development goals, Niu Qiaotao, member of the Standing Committee of the Anhui Provincial Political Consultative Conference and director of the Department of Economy and Information Technology, told reporters that at present, a group of "specialized and innovative" small and medium-sized enterprises have flourished and gathered great vitality for innovation and creation. The next step is to support more small and medium-sized enterprises to practice "unique skills" and become "individual champions".

　　Workshop of Tongling Jingda Special Electromagnetic Wire Co., Ltd., Anhui Province. (Photo courtesy of the interviewed companies)

　　Towards high-quality development, green and low-carbon is the only way, and various places have sought layout.

　　The work report of Shandong provincial government proposes to resolutely curb the blind development of "two high" projects and conduct inventory tracking supervision on 16 "two high" industries in the province.

　　When you board the roof of the real estate registration center of Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city, you can see that the top surface of the whole building is covered with photovoltaic panels, shining like scales. This is the first certified "zero carbon" building demonstration project in Tianjin.

　　The work report of Tianjin municipal government proposes to speed up the green and low-carbon transformation of energy and promote the construction of "double-carbon" pilot demonstration zones for electricity.

　　Niu Guimin, a member of Tianjin CPPCC and a researcher at the Institute of Resources, Environment and Ecology of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, said: "As an energy-consuming city, Tianjin should increase the utilization ratio of distributed non-carbon energy in combination with urban renewal in the future."

　　Expand investment, promote consumption and stabilize the basic economic disk

　　On the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month, more than 200 workers were installing the station building at the construction site of Yiyang South Station of Changyichang High-speed Railway in Hunan. In order to ensure that the opening target is achieved on schedule, nearly 1,000 workers from all participating units of Changyichang High-speed Railway stick to their construction posts during the Spring Festival.

　　Grasping major projects to expand investment, the work report of the Hunan provincial government proposes that in 2022, we should focus on improving the "five networks", moderately advance infrastructure investment, and focus on the top ten infrastructure projects including Changyichang high-speed railway.

　　On December 1, 2021, the construction workers were working on the track-laying site of Huangqiao Avenue Bridge on Changyi-Changzhou high-speed railway. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhao Zhongzhi photo

　　Expanding effective investment is an urgent task to stabilize macro-economic operation, which should be implemented early and get effective early.

　　At the beginning of the new year, the expansion of effective investment in various places is in full swing. From the reconstruction and expansion project of Suizhong-Panjin section of Beijing-Shenyang Expressway to the BMW Brilliance product upgrade project, the investment growth rate of Liaoning Province in the first quarter is expected to reach 10%; Shanghai recently released a number of policies and measures to expand effective investment, and will actively lay out "new infrastructure" projects represented by new networks, new facilities, new platforms and new terminals; On the first working day after the Spring Festival, 188 major projects with an estimated total investment of 150.2 billion yuan were started in Changsha, Hunan Province … …

　　"The difficulty in charging has become a common problem facing the development of new energy vehicles." Liu Zhengdong, deputy of Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress and chief partner of Grand Hyatt Law Firm, suggested during the local two sessions that new digital infrastructure should be promoted into communities. For communities without fixed parking spaces, shared charging piles should be set up by streets in a unified way.

　　Consumption plays a "stabilizer" role in the national economy, and promoting urban and rural consumption is an important part of steady growth.

　　From the "online celebrity punch-in place" Fengtai Dayue Spring Breeze to the Dongan Market, which reopened after a year’s closure on Wangfujing Street, there are several new shopping places for Beijing residents recently. In 2021, Beijing completed the upgrading of 22 traditional business districts and 20 traditional shopping malls, attracting more than 900 first stores throughout the year.

　　"Stock business needs to keep pace with the times to meet the new needs of consumers." Wang Xiaoyu, deputy of Beijing Municipal People’s Congress and chairman of Beijing Hanguang Department Store Co., Ltd. said.

　　According to the work report of Beijing Municipal Government, in 2022, we will carry out the special action of international consumption center cities, encourage green consumption, enrich digital consumption, develop sports consumption, innovate life and cultural tourism consumption, vigorously incubate new consumer brands and expand the supply of high-quality consumption.

　　County and township consumption has great potential. According to the work report of Chongqing municipal government, in 2022, the development of county commerce will be accelerated, and districts and counties will be encouraged to promote new energy vehicles, green smart home appliances to the countryside and trade in old ones.

　　Reform and opening up to create a good environment

　　"In recent years, the government’s service awareness has been greatly enhanced. Needless to say, in order to facilitate the business, a parking space was specially set up next to the government affairs hall, which was very careful. " This is the personal experience of Wang Youwei, the head of Gansu Baiyin Kangyuxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd..

　　From the handling of construction permits, the start-up of enterprises to tax payment services and access to electricity supply, the business environment in various places is changing.

　　According to the work report of Gansu provincial government, in 2022, Gansu province will focus on eight aspects of work, and the business environment is one of them. "This government work report puts forward ‘ No organ, institution or state-owned enterprise may default on the payment for goods, projects and services of small and medium-sized enterprises for any reason ’ This makes us more confident and confident in doing business. " Zhang Jianzhong, head of Gansu Taihe Industrial (Group) Co., Ltd. said.

　　In Zhejiang, a big private economy province, the government work report puts forward: "Take ‘ Real money and silver ’ Change the market players to go into battle lightly and focus on moving forward. ""According to ‘ The first time+top discount ’ Principles, promote the direct enjoyment of various policies, and make efforts as soon as possible. "

　　Reform and opening up, such as two wheels of a car and wings of a bird, have created a better environment and opened up a bigger situation for economic development. Actively connect with the new progress of opening to the outside world such as the formal entry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), and all localities actively expand overseas markets.

　　"In the past, nearly 1,500 tons of aluminum foil were exported to Japanese traders every year, and it is expected to increase to more than 2,000 tons this year." Lu Qichao, sales manager of Guangxi Baise Xinghe Aluminum Co., Ltd., is full of confidence in this year’s performance. He calculated an account: after RCEP came into effect this year, aluminum foil products can enjoy 0.5% tariff preference when entering Japan. The enterprise has issued three certificates of origin for aluminum foil exported to Japan, saving a lot of customs duties.

　　The picture shows the container lifting operation site of Nanning International Railway Port international freight train (photo taken on December 31, 2021). Xinhua News Agency (Photo courtesy of China Railway Nanning Bureau Group Co., Ltd.)

　　As the window and frontier of China’s open cooperation with ASEAN, Guangxi proposed in the government work report to speed up the construction of China — ASEAN import and export commodity trading platform and other projects, and actively serve to build China — Asean destiny community.

　　In Hainan Province, which is building a free trade port, the trade in goods increased by 57.7% in 2021, exceeding 100 billion yuan for the first time, and the balance of new offshore international trade increased fourfold. The work report of the Hainan Provincial Government proposes that the implementation of Article 20 of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) in Hainan will be promoted in 2022, which will have a superposition effect with the free trade port policy.

　　Looking forward to the future, China’s economy is facing many challenges. The more the development is under pressure, the more it highlights the determination and determination of high-quality development. Go all out to stabilize growth and promote high-quality development. The paths are clear and the pace is firm. (Reporter He Xinrong and Zhang Zikai, who participated in the writing: Liu Liangheng, Tai Sicong, Zhou Wentao, Zhang Wuyue, Ying Zhou, Liu Weizhen, Zou Mingzhong, Cui Hanchao, Wu Shuaishuai and Huang Qinggang)

Country Garden is not Evergrande： Country Garden crisis marks the dawn of real estate instead.

The full text is 3,500 words in total and lasts about 5 minutes.

Source of this article: Liu Shengjun’s overall situation (produced by Liu Shengjun Micro Finance)

Text | Liu Shengjun

  • Others fear that I am greedy, others are greedy and I am afraid. -Buffett
  • If even Country Garden falls, it will be the last straw to crush the camel.
  • Extremes must be reversed. "Model student" Country Garden crisis, on the contrary, indicates that the real estate industry is about to usher in a turning point.
  • Evergrande’s problem is Evergrande’s problem; The problem of Country Garden is an industry problem. Different roads lead to different returns.

After Evergrande, Country Garden, the largest real estate company in China in terms of sales area, actually came to the brink of debt default in the first half of this year. It was predicted that the loss in the first half of this year exceeded 45 billion yuan, and its 11 domestic corporate bonds stopped trading, and its share price evaporated by nearly 50% in a week.

In fact, this is no exception. Like Country Garden, head housing enterprises such as Sunac and Greenland have a hard time. Which one is not trembling and treading on thin ice? Whoever falls first is likely.

On August 8th, Chen Qizong, a Hong Kong real estate tycoon, said with emotion, "Many of my old real estate friends, who have met here once a year for many years, are hard to meet now. A friend came to my place for dinner more than a year ago. He told me, can I make it this time? I dare not say. At last, when we said goodbye, my heart was sour. Of course, he is not bad now, but he was rescued. Another friend was more sure, and as a result, his end was not so good. "

According to statistics, Evergrande Group has a debt of 2.58 trillion yuan, Country Garden 1.7 trillion yuan, green land 1.2 trillion yuan and Sunac 1 trillion yuan. The liabilities of these four housing enterprises add up to nearly 6.5 trillion, which is equivalent to 5.4% of China’s GDP of 121 trillion in 2022!

Indeed, the head housing enterprises are too big and become unregulated "financial behemoths". Evergrande’s debt is equivalent to the asset size of the 19th largest bank in China. Anyone who studies finance knows the problem of "too big to fail". In 2008, the Federal Reserve blew up Lehman Brothers, a small bank, with a try attitude. Unexpectedly, the people who bombed the world went belly-up.

As a result, the "three red lines" were born. Everyone, including Country Garden, was dumbfounded by the fiercest regulation of China real estate in history.

Objectively speaking, it is necessary to prevent financial risks by limiting the "barbaric expansion" of head housing enterprises. However, in the implementation of the "three red lines", there has been a phenomenon of simplification, across the board, short-term long-term goals and protracted battles, which has led to the suspension of the whole real estate industry so far (what is the medium-and long-term solution to real estate? )。

The current situation of real estate is already very dangerous. All housing enterprises are unsafe. This further leads to the wait-and-see attitude of buyers. After all, no one wants to get into the trouble of "uncompleted residential flats". As a result, "negative feedback" began, and "guaranteeing the delivery of the building" did not help.

In July, house prices in 70 large and medium-sized cities nationwide fell, and the number of cities reached the highest range in history: house prices in 49 cities fell. In July, the sales area of commercial housing dropped by 46.1% from the previous month. From January to July, investment in real estate development decreased by 8.5% year-on-year, which seriously dragged down economic growth.

We must stabilize the property and can’t hesitate any longer. There is no need to worry about letting go of the purchase restriction and "soaring house prices". At this time, the environment has changed, expectations have changed, and the money bag has shrunk. What we really want to prevent now is not the sharp rise in housing prices, but the unbearable weight of the real estate systemic crisis.

Although Country Garden is dangerous, it is not Evergrande after all.

1. Evergrande is a "big" word. It relies on gambling and gambling blindly and expands savagely, and has no real core competitiveness. Evergrande blindly diversified and made a strategic taboo. We can get a glimpse from Evergrande Football, Evergrande Super Headquarters (unfinished) and Evergrande Automobile. Country Garden, which rose from "Give you a five-star home" in 1995, has considerable strength in product building, property service and refined management. Country Garden was once praised as a "model student" by the industry, but it didn’t get a hollow reputation. In 2022, Country Garden delivered 700,000 houses, and Vivanco Evergrande added up more.

2, Xu Jiayin blindly high-profile, Yang Guoqiang is very low-key and pragmatic. Xu Jiayin is one or two of the highest-profile entrepreneurs in China, and he is keen on publicity. Evergrande has not only a football team, but also a national song and dance troupe. Ma Weidou once recalled the first meeting with Xu Jiayin: Xu Jiayin was wearing a coat and walking with the wind. "Teacher Ma is here!" Xu Jiayin shoulders a shake, coat slipped from the shoulder with the action, behind the bodyguard "pa" stretched out his hand and caught. After taking a seat, Xu stretched out his index finger and middle finger, and the bodyguard behind him took out a cigar with a bang. Xu Jiayin "where people go, the elevator is controlled", "except the secretary’s bodyguard and personal butler, other people, especially men, are not allowed to approach" and "generally bring your own cigars, and you need to be equipped with cigar holders and cigar scissors." Diet "only eat imported fruits, including Japanese greenhouse honeydew melon, Japanese fragrant Yin Qing Ti, Qingwang watermelon, especially sweet winter jujube and mango." When KTV sings, "drink royal salute and soda water". When Evergrande hired Ren Zeping with a high salary, it was essentially a hype (Liu Shengjun fired in the early morning! Ren Zeping was "torn by hand": bragging, inciting and greedy for heaven! I hope you can get out of the swamp of desire as soon as possible! ）。

In contrast, Yang Guoqiang, a farmer, is one of the lowest-key businessmen, and even when he reached the top of China’s richest man in 2007, he did not receive any media interviews. It is said that Yang Guoqiang reads 100,000 words every day. Yang Guoqiang, who is less than 70 years old this year, transferred his shares to his daughter Yang Huiyan several years ago. The author visited Country Garden headquarters a few years ago, and Yang Guoqiang personally toasted every guest at the table, which was very approachable.

3. It is difficult to engage in real estate without involving political and business relations, which is an extremely dangerous zone. A staff member of Guangdong judicial system told China Economic Weekly that in Guangdong officialdom, most of Wan Qingliang’s friends who were real estate developers were famous. Wan Qingliang, a "fan", is also a frequent visitor to Evergrande. Evergrande invested hundreds of billions of dollars in the Danzhou "Haihua Island" project, which was finally stopped by the environmental protection department. In September 2019, Zhang Qi, former member of the Standing Committee of Hainan Provincial Party Committee and former secretary of Haikou Municipal Committee, was dismissed. Zhang Qi used his position as secretary of Danzhou Municipal Party Committee to promote the Haihua Island project in violation of regulations, involving a total area of 783 hectares of reclamation. As a result, a large area of coral reefs and white butterflies were permanently destroyed. Zhang Qi, who "swelled his purse and destroyed the ecology", was sentenced to no life. Like Wanda Group, some people in Country Garden will inevitably take bribes, but with Yang Guoqiang’s personality, he must be very cautious in political and business relations.

The only free private high school in China, Guohua Memorial Middle School.

Yang Guoqiang, a peasant.

Of course, it is undeniable that Country Garden also made mistakes:

First, enter the third-and fourth-tier cities in a big way. In 2015, the shantytown renovation was carried out with monetary resettlement. For a time, hot money was rolling in the third-and fourth-tier cities, and Country Garden took the lead in blowing the horn of entering the third-and fourth-tier cities. Up to now, 80% of the land is still in the third-and fourth-tier cities. Now it seems that this is a major misjudgment. The purchasing power of third-and fourth-tier cities is insufficient, and it is easy to fall into a liquidity dilemma overnight.

Second, the Malaysian forest city project has been defeated. The "Forest City" project started in 2015 and plans to invest more than 100 billion US dollars. This "green and intelligent future city" in southern Malaysia, close to Singapore, has now become a "ghost town". However, the original idea is not unreasonable: to seize the psychology of high-net-worth people to buy a house overseas and settle down, the house price is equivalent to a quarter of Singapore’s. It’s just that people are not as good as heaven, and they have encountered black swan events such as exchange rate turmoil, difficulties in foreign exchange outflow, and sudden changes in Malaysia’s political situation, which led to the project being called to a halt, and they have no choice but to stop eating in the storm that has never changed in a hundred years.

No one can always win a business, such as a war. The key is to learn from failure.

Country Garden’s asset-liability ratio was 82.3%, while Evergrande once reached 132.6%, and the latter was insolvent. In 2021, Country Garden only failed to meet the standard of "excluding the asset-liability ratio of advance receipts not exceeding 70%". By 2022, Country Garden achieved "three red lines" without stepping on it. Evergrande stepped on all three red lines. Country Garden still has a chance to reorganize and survive.

Country Garden can’t fail for a simple reason: at present, regardless of potential buyers or upstream and downstream housing enterprises, the nerves are already quite fragile, and Country Garden is the industry benchmark. In addition, the financial giant "Zhongzhi Group" is also in trouble with Country Garden. Zhongrong Trust, a subsidiary of Zhongzhi Group, has fallen into a storm of suspension. Among the huge financial assets of Zhongrong Trust, real estate accounts for 11%. Once there are problems in Country Garden and Zhongzhi, the potential chain reaction cannot but be frightening.

If even Country Garden falls, it will be the last straw to crush the camel. Yang Guoqiang once encouraged his manager with such a request: Even if Country Garden falls, it will be the last real estate enterprise in China.

Practice has proved that the simple idea of "guaranteeing the delivery of buildings" is not feasible. "Baojiaolou" seems to help, but in fact it often aggravates the difficulty of capital turnover of housing enterprises. As long as the housing enterprises do not return to normal state, the normal operation of the industry will be difficult to maintain. At this time, it is unrealistic to expect people to buy houses (the sudden braking of real estate is unbearable: it is suggested to move from "guaranteeing the delivery of buildings" to "guaranteeing the main body"). "Protecting the main body of the market" should start from Country Garden.

Conclusion: Evergrande’s problem is Evergrande’s problem; The problem of Country Garden is an industry problem. Different roads lead to different returns.

Of course, Country Garden can’t wait for "Prince Charming" or "pie in the sky". Mo Bin, president of Country Garden, said in the announcement that Country Garden had encountered the biggest difficulty since its establishment. Wang Shi, an old friend of Yang Guoqiang, bluntly said, "At present, real estate enterprises are facing challenges one after another, especially large real estate companies are facing transformation. Lao Yang and I respect and admire each other. It is inevitable that there will be a shortage of funds during the transformation of Country Garden, but Mr. Xiang Yang Guoqiang will actively cope with the difficulties. ".

Country Garden faces a better environment than Evergrande. Evergrande is an early bird in the rectification of "three red lines". Now, the policy orientation has quietly changed. On July 24, 2023, the Politburo meeting proposed that "it is necessary to effectively prevent and resolve risks in key areas,Adapt to the new situation that the relationship between supply and demand in China’s real estate market has undergone major changes, and timely adjust and optimize real estate policies.Because the city makes good use of the policy toolbox to better meet the rigid and improved housing needs of residents and promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market. "

On August 15th, Fu Linghui, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics, responded to the Country Garden incident, saying, "At present, the real estate market is generally in the adjustment stage, and some housing enterprises have encountered certain difficulties, especially the debt risks of some leading housing enterprises have been exposed, which has affected market expectations. But we should see that these problems are phased,With the market adjustment mechanism gradually playing a role and the real estate market policy adjustment and optimization, the risks of housing enterprises are expected to be gradually resolved.. "

But in any case, the "big era" of real estate "big is good" has ended. Country Garden, which has been on the list of the world’s top 500 for seven consecutive years, please forget the charm of "the world’s top 500" from now on.

The author sends a message to Mr. Yang Guoqiang: Hold your ground steady and break your arm to survive. Learn from a painful experience, and from today on, get rid of the demons that "big is good". Face the new stage and new pattern of real estate, explore new models, and develop wholeheartedly with high quality, so as to "forget the pain without healing the scar" in the future (China real estate: new stage, new pattern, new model).

The historical picture that has not changed greatly in a hundred years is slowly opening.

Join the "study tour of entrepreneurs in secret places",

Join hands to cross the fog of world politics and economy,

Live up to Damei China,

Be a wise man in uncertain times.

Join the secret pursuit, pursue all the way, great beauty and true knowledge.

Liu Shengjun

Member of Shanghai Economic Committee of Zhi Gong Dang

An economist who insists on telling the truth

Political economy+great historical view

Participated in the Prime Minister’s Economic Symposium in 2014.

Chief economist of Tianjushi Group

Founder of Liu Shengjun Micro Finance

Chief Expert of Shandong Human Resources Development Promotion Association

Author of The Next Decade

Shandong Heze Dingtaoren

Progress of National Cultural Heritage Administration’s ＂Archaeological China＂ Major Project： The Latest Achievements of Yin Ruins Archaeology and Oracle Bone Inscriptions Research Released

　　Today (November 10th) morning, National Cultural Heritage Administration held a press conference on the progress of the major project "Archaeological China" in Beijing, and reported the latest achievements and progress in the archaeology of Yin Ruins and the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions.

　　I. Archaeological Discovery and Research of Yin Ruins

　　Yin Ruins, located in Anyang City, Henan Province, are the ruins of the capital in the late Shang Dynasty. Since 1928, archaeologists in China have begun to carry out scientific archaeological excavations of Yin Ruins, which has opened the curtain of modern archaeology in China. Up to now, more than 90 years have passed, and important relics such as the palace area, residence area, tomb area, handicraft workshop area of Yin Ruins have been discovered one after another, as well as the neighboring Huanbei Mall, the capital of the middle Shang Dynasty, and a large number of precious cultural relics such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronzes, pottery and jade wares have been unearthed. The distribution and structural layout of Yin Ruins were basically cleared up, and the chronological system of Yin Ruins culture was established, which provided a basis for exploring the archaeological culture of the early Shang Dynasty and even the Xia Dynasty. The research on the capital system, tomb system, sacrifice system, handicraft production system, architecture, water conservancy, spiritual belief and other aspects of the Shang Dynasty continued to deepen, demonstrating the history of the Shang Dynasty recorded in the literature and systematically showing the social and cultural features and the development achievements of the Shang Dynasty civilization. In 2006, Yin Ruins was listed in the World Heritage List, and its outstanding universal value was generally recognized by the international community, which provided a strong support for enhancing national self-confidence.

　　The archaeology of Yin Ruins has entered a new era and stage. Under the guidance of the concept of settlement archaeology, it has deepened the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary cooperative research and made new breakthroughs. A large number of relics of copper casting, bone making, pottery making, living and living, and well-distributed cemeteries were found in the workshop area of Huanbei handicraft industry, which revealed the layout mode of "residence and burial in one" integrating production, life and funeral, and vividly displayed the production picture of handicraft industry in Shang Dynasty. Large ponds, waterways and related architectural relics have been newly discovered in the ancestral temple area of Xiaotun Palace, covering an area of more than 60,000 square meters. The ponds are connected with Huan River through waterways, which has changed the previous understanding of the overall pattern of the ancestral temple area of Yinxu Palace. Based on the exploration and excavation around the tomb area of Yin Ruins, it is confirmed that the eastern part and the western part of the tomb area are surrounded by a trench with a width of more than 10 meters, and the tomb and a large number of sacrificial pits are located in the trench. The discovery of the trench breaks through the understanding of the layout of the tomb area of Yin Ruins and is a major progress in the study of the cemetery system in Shang Dynasty. The road system inside the Yin Ruins has been continuously revealed. Two north-south roads leading directly to the palace area were found about 1km south of the ancestral temple area of the Yin Ruins, and a large road with a width of 15m was excavated on the north bank of Huanhe River. There were clear rutting marks on the roads, and residential areas, tombs, handicraft workshops and so on were densely distributed on both sides of the roads. The framework system revealed by the roads provided important clues for further exploring the urban layout and ethnic distribution of the Yin Ruins. Under the guidance of new ideas and methods, the archaeological research of Yin Ruins will gradually restore a more comprehensive, real and vivid Shang civilization.

　　Second, the new archaeological discoveries of settlements around Yin Ruins

　　Henan Province and Anyang City have implemented the policy of "archaeology first, then transferring" and actively strengthened the archaeological and cultural relics protection work in urban capital construction, and achieved many important achievements in the archaeological work of capital construction around Yin Ruins, greatly expanding the breadth and depth of archaeological research in Yin Ruins.

　　Xindian site, located about 10 kilometers north of Yinxu Palace, is a bronze casting site. Seven bronze casting workshops, more than 10 houses and nearly 100 tombs have been found in the late Shang Dynasty, and about 40,000 pieces of pottery models, pottery molds and a large number of tools for making models and casting copper have been unearthed. The unearthed bronzes bear the inscription "Ge", indicating that the site may be a bronze casting site managed by the "Ge" clan.

　　Taojiaying site is located about 7.2km north of Yinxu Palace. It is a moat settlement in the middle of Shang Dynasty. Pottery production area, residence area and tomb area were found in the site, and rich bronzes, jade articles and pottery were unearthed in 25 tombs, which further enriched the social research content of settlements around Huanbei Mall in the middle of Shang Dynasty.

　　Shaojiapeng site, located about 2.5km south of the palace area of Yin Ruins, is a settlement in the late Shang Dynasty. Three groups of multi-entry courtyards consisting of 18 houses and a graveyard consisting of a Chinese-shaped tomb, 23 small and medium-sized tombs and 4 chariots and horses pits were found in the site. Many bronzes with the inscription "Book" were unearthed in the tombs, indicating that Shaojiapeng site may be the "Book" of historians in the late Shang Dynasty.

　　Third, Oracle Bone Inscriptions’s discovery and research

　　Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the representative of the early mature Chinese character system, and it is also the demonstration of Yin Ruins as the capital of Shang Dynasty. Oracle Bone Inscriptions was unearthed in Xiaotun Village, Anyang, Henan Province in the late Qing Dynasty. Up to now, about 150,000 pieces have been discovered, and more than 35,000 pieces have been scientifically excavated. The number of words has exceeded 4,000, covering all aspects of politics and life in Shang Dynasty, and it is the direct historical data for rebuilding the history of Yin and Shang Dynasties. There are three important discoveries of Oracle bones in Yin Ruins, namely, the largest number of intact pit YH127 in Xiaotun, the Oracle bones in the south of Xiaotun with a clear date, and the Oracle bones in the east of Garden Village in Yin Ruins with unique historical value. Oracle bones in Yin Ruins directly confirmed the existence of Shang Dynasty in ancient historical records, and Xiaotun in Anyang was Wang Ting of Yin Shang Dynasty, which advanced the upper limit of China’s trust history by more than 1000 years, opened the archaeological and historical research course of Yin Ruins for more than 90 years, and promoted the innovation and development of China’s traditional philology.

　　More than 120 years’ research on Oracle Bone Inscriptions has yielded fruitful results in Oracle Bone Inscriptions’s data collation, chronology by stages, textual research, business history research, compilation and publication of reference books, and personnel training. Based on the profound academic accumulation of more than a hundred years, the study of Oracle bones in the new era pays more attention to the combination with archaeological theories and methods and multi-disciplines, and has made important achievements in promoting the study of ideological history, astronomical calendar and historical geography, and solved the problem of digital divination, which is of breakthrough significance and value to the study of China’s traditional philosophy and ideological history. By reading the data of solar and lunar eclipses recorded by Oracle Bone Inscriptions and combining with astronomical deduction, the solar eclipse occurred on October 31, 1161 BC, which proved that Yin people had mastered the eclipse cycle, which was of great significance to the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions dating and even the movement of the earth and the sun. Combined with Oracle Bone Inscriptions’s Oracle inscriptions and the inscriptions unearthed from the Shi family cemetery in Shangzhou, Tengzhou, Shandong Province, the landscape of Xue Guo in Shang Dynasty was determined, which provided a new fulcrum for the study of historical geography in Shang Dynasty. The study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions has developed into an international academic topic, with scholars participating in the study all over the world and numerous works, which have played an important role in promoting the spread of Chinese culture and promoting the exchange and mutual learning of civilizations.

　　(CCTV reporter Tian Yunhua Ren Meimei Zhang Leilei Guo Min)

Investigation on public charging piles in Beijing： There are many faults and fuel vehicles occupy charging parking spaces.

　　Beijing, June 9 (Xinhua) According to the Voice of China, as more and more new energy vehicles enter Chinese’s homes, the charging problem will follow. According to the latest data of China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance, by the end of April this year, the number of new energy vehicles in China was about 2 million, and there were more than 450,000 charging piles nationwide, of which public charging piles accounted for more than half. At present, there are about 40,000 public charging piles in Beijing, ranking first in the country, but there are still many electric vehicle owners in Beijing who say that there are too few public charging piles and charging is very difficult. What is the truth?

　　According to CCTV reporter’s report, the owner of an electric car told the reporter that mainly on weekends, there are basically all fuel cars parked here, and it is difficult to have a free position. Whether it can be recharged depends on luck.

　　Mr. He, who also lives in Chaoyang District, Beijing, has the same trouble. Mr. He recently bought a new energy vehicle. Although the charging pile is close to home, every time he comes, he can see that the parking space of the charging pile is occupied by fuel vehicles, and all six parking spaces of the charging pile are full, half of which are occupied by fuel vehicles. Mr. He told reporters that this phenomenon is very common and it also gives him a headache.

　　After an hour of squatting, the reporter found a car owner who was anxious to find a charging pile to charge. The owner said, "As it is now, my car is running out of electricity. Come here to charge, but all the parking spaces are occupied, so I’ll wait now. There’s nothing I can do."

　　A similar situation is very common in Beijing. The reporter saw in the new energy vehicle charging station located on the ground floor of a shopping mall in Guomao that there are 20 charging piles. Except for two parking spaces, there are 18 parking spaces on site, of which only two are charging new energy vehicles, and the other vehicles are fuel vehicles.

　　In addition, in a parking lot in Shijingshan District, Beijing, the reporter found that all the charging piles here were occupied by fuel trucks. The nearby security guards said that the fuel trucks occupied the parking spaces of public charging piles and no one was in charge.

　　In Beijing’s Regulations on Motor Vehicle Parking, which was officially implemented in May this year, it was clearly stated that non-electric vehicles are not allowed to occupy special parking spaces for electric vehicles, and the traffic management department of the public security organ shall order them to make corrections and impose penalties according to law. However, at present, many fuel vehicle owners do not understand this regulation, and relevant departments need to implement and publicize relevant contents as soon as possible to provide guarantee for charging service operation and maintain service order.

　　In addition to the occupation of fuel vehicles, there are also new energy owners who reflect a more headache for them, that is, they finally found a parking space with charging piles, but they still can’t charge electricity. According to a CCTV reporter’s investigation, the failure of charging piles has become the focus of complaints from car owners. Some people say that after trying several piles, they can’t charge electricity, and a lot of parking fees are wasted. In a ground parking lot in Shijingshan District, Beijing, Mr. Li, who came to charge, said the problem he encountered in charging: "The charging pile is broken. I am also charging at Xisanqi, and basically half of them are bad. "

　　According to Mr. Li’s reflection, the reporter went to a parking lot near Lu Gu Street and found that there were three public charging piles, but when he got closer, he found that one of the charging piles was a black screen. The reporter wiped it with his hand and there was a thick layer of ash on it. Although the screens of the other two charging piles were on, the screens showed that the equipment was out of service and the charging stun guns had been damaged.

　　In an open-air parking lot in the West Third Ring Road, the reporter found Mr. Liu who was making a maintenance call. He told the reporter that because there is no charging pile at home, the public charging pile is his only source of endurance, but he often encounters charging pile failures, such as the screen is broken and the stun gun is broken.

　　About an hour or so, the operation and maintenance repairman arrived at the scene for maintenance. The operation and maintenance repairman said: "It is mainly because of the problem of the new and old national standards for electric vehicles. Our current charging piles are all in the new national standard 2015 version. Many of our electric vehicles before 2017 were in the old national standard 2011 version, which led to a mismatch between the charging gun of the new national standard and the interface of the vehicle. It is necessary to give him an artificial unlock. "

　　The operation and maintenance repairman told the reporter that due to the increasing number of electric vehicle users in Beijing, the work intensity is very high now. The operation and maintenance involves about 1,800 piles, and basically about 150 work orders are received every day. The relevant person in charge told the reporter that the main maintenance at present is the external accessories of charging piles, such as screens, handles, buttons and so on, with high maintenance rate and failure rate.

　　Chen Haiyang, head of the department of State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, said that nearly 60% of the workload in the operation and maintenance work is to deal with these man-made failures every day and replace spare parts. Therefore, I hope that electric car owners can care for and use charging piles correctly. "

　　The number of charging piles in Beijing ranks first in the country, but it is hard to find in the process of use. How to solve this situation? Xu Yanhua, secretary-general of China Electric Vehicle Charging Foundation Promotion Alliance, believes that charging facilities are public and public welfare, so it is necessary for the government, automobile industry, charging facility operation industry, property and other social forces to work together to build the whole development environment of charging facilities.

　　The reporter’s investigation found that at present, although the utilization rate of public charging piles in Beijing is still around 10%, such charging data has been significantly improved compared with 2016 and 2017. A number of charging pile operators said that they are actively improving related services, increasing the utilization rate of public charging piles and giving new energy owners a better user experience.

　　Shi Shuanglong, head of the construction and operation center of the smart car networking platform of the State Grid, said that the ground lock has been installed in places with high utilization rate. When the electric car owner comes and needs to scan the code to start charging, the ground lock can be lowered, and the fuel car can’t use this parking space without charging. At present, the charging pile can judge 50 types of faults by itself, and it will be automatically uploaded to the platform when faults occur. When the platform monitors the charging pile, it will distribute the maintenance work order in real time, and the maintenance personnel are required to take the order in 15 minutes and arrive at the scene within one hour in the city.

　　With the continuous expansion of the development space of the electric vehicle market, it is urgent to solve the problem of charging public charging piles, otherwise it will in turn restrict the popularization of electric vehicles. Zhao Qiang, an expert on new energy vehicles, said that it needs multi-head management and maintenance, including the government, enterprises and individuals. Through multi-party governance, all of us can work together to make the charging (pile) station healthier and better meet the actual needs of ordinary consumers, both now and in the future.

　　In addition, experts also stressed that public charging piles can not be built at once, but also need to focus on the long-term, and the necessary support and cultivation are indispensable. On the one hand, policy guarantee should be given to provide institutional guarantee for charging service operation and maintain service order; On the other hand, we should mobilize the enthusiasm of new energy vehicle consumption, and improve the utilization rate of new energy vehicle charging piles by expanding the market and improving services.

　　The Guide for the Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2015-2020) points out that by 2020, China will build 4.8 million charging piles to meet the charging requirements of 5 million new energy vehicles, including 500,000 distributed charging piles and 4.3 million private charging piles. There are only two years left in 2020, and I hope that the situation of "hard to find" will no longer appear.

2021 Volkswagen LaVida

The Volkswagen family adds new strength! 2021 LaVida gorgeous debut

Recently, the highly anticipated 2021 Volkswagen LaVida has been officially listed, bringing new choices to consumers. A total of seven carefully selected models, the market guidance price range is 112,900 yuan to 158,900 yuan, showing the cost performance and excellent quality of Volkswagen brands as always.

As an annual redesigned model, the 2021 LaVida maintains a perfect blend of classic and fashion in appearance and interior design. However, it is not just a simple iteration, but a new idea. The most striking thing is that the new model has been replaced with a brand-new Volkswagen logo, giving the body a stronger brand recognition. In terms of configuration, it has achieved remarkable improvement to meet the needs of modern consumers. The standard configuration includes 8-inch car intelligent entertainment interactive system, automatic parking, rear air conditioning air outlet, electronic handbrake and multi-function steering wheel, etc. The intelligent car coupling system, keyless entry and one-button start make driving more convenient. The top models are equipped with luxury configurations such as ACC adaptive cruise, keyless entry and one-button start, as well as practical equipment such as 17-inch wheels and dual-zone automatic air conditioning, creating a comfortable and technological driving experience for drivers.

Safety is the cornerstone of driving, and the 2021 LaVida has not been ignored. All models come standard with tire pressure detection system, MKB multiple anti-collision system and HHC ramp start assistance, etc., to protect travel. NBW emergency brake reminder reminds drivers to be vigilant and ensure driving safety.

In terms of power, the 2021 LaVida is equipped with 1.5-liter and 1.4T engines, with power of 83 kW and 110 kW respectively and torque of 145 Nm and 250 Nm respectively. They are matched with a 5-speed manual or 6-speed automatic manual transmission (1.5 liters) and a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission (1.4T) respectively, which can show abundant power performance no matter whether the city shuttles or gallops at high speed.

大众朗逸

In short, the 2021 Volkswagen LaVida has undoubtedly become the best choice for consumers to pursue comfort and practicality with its excellent performance, rich configuration and reasonable price. The launch of this new car has undoubtedly injected new vitality and expectation into the compact car market for Volkswagen.