The General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Innovation and Development of Medical Education (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") on the 23rd, and made systematic arrangements from the aspects of comprehensively optimizing the training structure of medical talents, fully improving the quality of medical talents training in colleges and universities, deepening the reform of resident training and continuing medical education, and improving safeguard measures.
According to the Opinions, by 2025, the discipline structure of medical education will be more optimized, and the management system and mechanism will be more scientific and efficient; A high-level medical personnel training system has been basically established, and the quality of training has been further improved. The incentive mechanism for the use of medical talents is more perfect. By 2030, a higher-level medical personnel training system with China characteristics will be established, and the ability of medical scientific research and innovation will be significantly improved, and the ability to serve the health cause will be significantly enhanced.
What changes will take place in medical education in the future? How to make medical education become an important cornerstone of the development of health care? In this regard, the reporter interviewed the relevant officials of the Ministry of Education, the National Health and Wellness Commission and state administration of traditional chinese medicine.
Comprehensively optimize the training structure of medical talents
Maintaining the health of hundreds of millions of people can not be separated from the skilled and sufficient medical staff. So, how to optimize the training structure of medical talents?
According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education, there are still some structural problems in the training of medical talents, mainly in the fact that the overall enrollment scale of medical education is large, but the overall level is low, the shortage of general practitioners and high-level public health talents is obvious, and the training of high-level compound medical talents also needs to be strengthened.
The "Opinions" put forward that the level of medical professional education should be improved, higher vocational nursing education should be vigorously developed, undergraduate clinical medicine and traditional Chinese medicine education should be steadily developed, and the enrollment scale of graduate students should be appropriately expanded. Efforts will be made to strengthen the construction of medical disciplines, increase the layout and support of medical and related disciplines, optimize the professional structure of disciplines, and vigorously promote the construction of disciplines such as anesthesia, infection, severe illness and pediatrics and the training of professional talents. Strengthen the training of general practitioners, gradually expand the scale of training free general practitioners who serve the grassroots, and train a number of higher vocational directional medical students for village clinics and township hospitals in remote and poor areas in light of the actual situation, and accelerate the training of general practitioners who combine prevention with treatment.
At the same time, we will systematically plan the teaching system of general practice, strengthen the general practice education for all medical students, and build about 100 national demonstration bases for general practice teaching. Accelerate the reform of the general practitioner’s salary system and expand the career development prospects of general practitioners. In addition, it is necessary to speed up the construction of high-level public health personnel training system and high-level compound medical personnel training, build a number of high-level public health colleges, take the master’s degree training plan of public health as the main training plan of public health postgraduate education, create and develop public health doctoral degree education, and increase the supply of high-level professional personnel.
Improve the quality of medical education personnel training
Quality is the lifeline of medical education. According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education, medical education in colleges and universities is an important foundation for the three-stage continuum of medical personnel training. One of the key tasks of this reform and innovation is to comprehensively improve the quality of medical personnel training in colleges and universities.
"First of all, it is necessary to improve the quality of imported students, build a number of first-class medical schools based on high-level universities, expand the enrollment scale of undergraduate medical majors in institutions affiliated to the central department, and increase support for medical education in the’ Strong Foundation Plan’. Cultivate benevolent medical talents and build about 600 first-class professional construction points for medical undergraduates. Strengthen the construction of grassroots teaching organizations such as teaching and research sections, strengthen the training of nursing professionals, and enhance students’ critical thinking and clinical practice ability. " The person in charge said. At the same time, the "Opinions" proposes to inherit and innovate the development of Chinese medicine education, concentrate superior resources to make the main specialty of Chinese medicine bigger and stronger, carry out the nine-year education of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on a pilot basis, and cultivate fewer but better, high-level and high-level talents of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Consolidate the main position of medical personnel training in affiliated hospitals of colleges and universities, and strive to promote early clinical, multi-clinical and repeated clinical practice for medical students.
In addition, it is necessary to establish and improve the quality evaluation and certification system of medical education. Accelerate the professional accreditation of medical education, build a medical education accreditation system with full coverage of medical majors, and establish a medical education accreditation system with China characteristics and international substantive equivalence.
Deepen the training of residents and ensure that medical staff receive continuing medical education.
"In terms of ensuring the reasonable treatment of residents, first, the residential training base is required to formulate standards for the payment of salaries and benefits for trainees, and tilt to the shortage of majors such as general practice and pediatrics. Second, the residential training base will sign a labor contract with the training target recruited by the society according to law, clarifying the rights and obligations of both parties. After the labor contract expires, it will be terminated according to law, and the training target will choose their own jobs. Third, graduates of ordinary colleges and universities who are recruited for the society and are qualified to live and train in medical and health institutions in the same year are treated equally in terms of recruitment, dispatch and settlement. Fourth, clinicians with bachelor’s degrees who have passed the residence and training are treated equally with graduate students majoring in clinical medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in terms of personnel recruitment, professional title promotion and remuneration. " The relevant person in charge of the National Health and Wellness Commission said.
"In view of the shortcomings of medical staff’s knowledge and skills exposed by the COVID-19 epidemic, on the basis of emphasizing the knowledge of medical ethics, laws and regulations as compulsory courses in the past, it is further clearly required to make public health knowledge and skills such as emergency and severe rescue, infection and self-protection, prevention and control of infectious diseases, health education as compulsory courses for medical staff. At the same time, the situation of medical staff receiving continuing medical education is included in the necessary content of their annual performance appraisal. " The person in charge also said that in terms of funding guarantee, employers are required to increase investment, extract and use employee education funds according to laws and regulations, and ensure that all on-the-job medical personnel receive continuing medical education and vocational retraining.
Ensure that the innovation, development and reform measures of medical education are implemented
The innovation and development of medical education is a complex systematic project, which needs the coordinated promotion of education, health, development and reform, finance, human society and other departments.
Therefore, the Opinions put forward specific safeguard measures from three aspects. The first is to strengthen organizational leadership. Relevant departments should further strengthen the comprehensive management and overall planning of medical education, and coordinate and solve problems related to the innovation and development of medical education. All localities and relevant departments should incorporate the innovative development of medical education into the local economic and social development plan and the key work plan of the department.
The second is to implement major national strategic projects. Co-ordinate the financial resources of all parties, strengthen the investment guarantee for medical education, support the construction of national and regional medical education development bases, first-class medical schools, high-level public health colleges, basic medical research and innovation bases, national resident training demonstration bases, and continuing medical education informationization, and increase the support for medical colleges from the central budget.
The third is to ensure the investment of funds. Actively support the innovative development of medical education, reasonably determine and timely adjust the standard of per capita fixed funding and housing and training subsidies for medical majors according to financial resources, price changes and training costs, and local people’s governments at all levels shall implement their investment responsibilities in accordance with regulations. (Beijing, September 23 rd, our reporter Jin Haotian)