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The Japanese drama is in crisis： the broadcast is postponed, the recording is stopped, and the director intends to deliver food on a part-time basis.

On April 7th, Japan issued the "Declaration of Emergency", and the emergency measures covered Tokyo, Osaka Prefecture, saitama, Chiba Prefecture, Kanagawa Prefecture, Hyogo Prefecture and Fukuoka Prefecture. From April 7th, the state of emergency will last for one month to May 6th. This move may "add insult to injury" to the Japanese entertainment industry that was originally affected by the epidemic.

As early as March, Japan’s entertainment industry had been clouded by the epidemic. A number of Japanese dramas have been postponed or stopped, including Naoki Banzawa 2, BG ~ The Guard around 2, Cinderella’s Pharmacist and other spring hits. Most variety shows are suspended, the advertising revenue of TV stations is hit hard, and the cast members are facing unemployment crisis. With the death of Japanese artist Ken Shimura due to COVID-19, many artists were diagnosed one after another, and the actors were also worried. Kimura Takuya and Sakai Masato bought masks and other epidemic prevention supplies from their own pockets.

Naoki Banzawa 2

Cinderella’s Pharmacist

But the Japanese entertainment industry is also seeking self-help in anxiety. Many TV stations began to evaluate the possibility of replacing new dramas with "replaying old dramas" according to the appeal of netizens; Variety shows try to ensure subsequent broadcast through "remote recording". The major TV series studios are still busy, trying to catch up with the progress on the basis of reducing the risk of infection by reducing intimate contact with dramas and strengthening epidemic prevention.

It’s cool and hot around the world, and the spring of Japanese entertainment industry in 2020 seems to come later, just like other regions.

-Japanese drama-

　

The spring show was supposed to be a "fairy fight", but now many popular dramas have been postponed.


In the spring of 2020, the Japanese drama was once known as the "golden schedule". Since the Tokyo Olympic Games was originally planned to be held from the end of July to the beginning of August, many TV stations have rescheduled their works for nearly half a year in advance to avoid the heat of summer stalls being diverted, including Naoki Banzawa 2, BG~ Guard 2 (starring Kimura Takuya), Cinderella Pharmacist (starring Satomi Ishihara) and Lawyer in Gold 2 (starring Y?ji Oda).

Key dramas that have been stopped or postponed:

Shooting while broadcasting leads to "no inventory", avoiding kissing scenes to reduce the risk of infection.


Among the extended Japanese dramas, Naoki Banzawa 2, a sequel released after seven years, has attracted the most attention. "Due to the spread of the novel coronavirus epidemic, it has affected the shooting schedule of the show. It is a pity that we can only postpone the opening date." For this hot work whose ratings are expected to reach 30%, TBS’s choice to postpone the broadcast is indeed forced to guarantee the inventory.

# Japanese drama features #


It is reported that Japanese dramas are the same as American dramas, and they are broadcast while shooting in the production mode. Not only can the screenwriter modify the follow-up story according to the feedback from the audience, but the platform can also "cut off" the stop loss in time if the ratings are not good. Usually, Japanese dramas will be turned on one to two months before the broadcast, and about three to six episodes will be completed in advance, and the rest will be filmed after the broadcast; The endings of some Japanese dramas are even broadcast live. This also leads to Japanese dramas like American dramas. Once shooting is blocked, the inventory is immediately in short supply.

"We usually start shooting in the early hours of the morning and call it a night, so naturally there will be a decline in immunity caused by fatigue on the set, and it is easy to get infected with the virus." A Japanese TV producer A said in an interview that Naoki Banzawa 2, in particular, takes the office as the stage, and there are so many actors, group performances and even cameras that makeup artists, stylists and actors can’t avoid contact every day. In a sense, the studio can’t strictly prevent and control it. "So in order to avoid cluster infection at the shooting scene, of course, it is impossible to continue shooting."

In addition, the popularity of Covid-19 has caused many crews to re-evaluate the possibility of outdoor shooting. Renting buildings and disinfecting the shooting scene is a huge consumption of manpower and material resources for the crew; However, the abandonment of outdoor shooting has caused some plots to be unable to be successfully realized. "Naoki Banzawa 2 is a sequel that the audience has been looking forward to for seven years. Whether as a fan or a producer, I hope to postpone the broadcast to try to avoid the story from being reduced because it cannot be filmed." A said frankly.

Stills of Naoki Banzawa 2. The picture comes from the Internet.

But there are still many Japanese dramas being filmed. After the 17-year-old actor Ryoya Komiya, who plays the hero in the Asahi TV series "The Magic Warrior", was diagnosed in COVID-19, and the crew had to stop working and isolate, many Japanese netizens began to call for the Japanese performing arts industry to stop working collectively in a special period. On April 8th, the original Netflix Japanese drama "Naked Supervision 2" starring Takayuki Yamada was diagnosed by COVID-19, and the filming work was urgently stopped. The play was originally scheduled to be filmed indoors in TBS studio.

Naked supervision 2


　 　 　 　Coping with:In order to reduce the risk of infection, some crews decided to avoid close contact between actors by reducing kissing scenes and intimate scenes. Since novel coronavirus is mostly infected through "intimate contact", if two people perform hugs, kisses, entanglement and other scenes, the risk of infection will rise. A TV producer said in an interview that in the past, kissing was almost necessary in Japanese TV dramas and movies, and sometimes some entangled intimate scenes were needed. "But due to a series of epidemics, this kind of drama has now been banned." At present, the filming of works with kissing scenes and intimate scenes, such as An Qi Ge Lian and Shohei Miura’s M for the Loved One, Nakajima Kento and Hirano Sho’s Under Police, and My Housekeeper, Mr. Fuzhu, has been affected.

　

—— Japanese comprehensive—


Some variety production companies may close down, and young directors consider part-time food delivery.


Coping with:Since March, Japanese TV stations have announced the adoption of audience-free recording, or stopped recording most variety shows, in order to avoid cluster infection.

On March 30th, Tokyo TV decided to stop recording all the programs, and only reserved the relevant personnel who guaranteed the broadcast of the programs, and other employees worked at home. Xiao Sunmao, president of Tokyo TV Station, said at a press conference on March 26th that from March 27th, only more than 20% of the staff of Tokyo TV Station went to work in the company, and the remaining nearly 80% of the staff only needed to complete normal broadcasting work at home. After that, it will be slowly adjusted to only 10% employees go to work in the company.

TBS announced that from April 4 to April 19, all variety shows and TV series will be suspended. NTV suspended the studio shooting and location shooting of Japanese dramas and variety shows for two weeks from April 6th. On April 7, NHK also announced that it would suspend the recording and live performances of broadcasting companies in seven prefectures, excluding news and other urgent programs. The necessity of outdoor location shooting, broadcasting and recording is also being carefully discussed whether to keep it.

The former producer of Asahi TV Station, Makoto, expressed pessimism about the current prospects in the TV field. He admits that, due to the need to maintain a social distance of more than 1.8 meters and avoid gathering, except for news programs, almost all entertainment programs taking the star route and outdoor shooting programs taking the amateur route are stopped. In this case, radio and television companies and program production companies will encounter unprecedented crisis.

Radio and television companies:This year, it was originally planned to produce a large number of special programs during the Olympic Games, including pre-recording. However, due to the postponement of the Olympic Games, broadcasters have to urgently recruit new programs, so the cancellation of recording is undoubtedly worse for them. In addition, the original advertisements related to the Olympic Games have all been cancelled. In addition, with the current economic downturn in Japan, advertisements can’t be sold at all, and it is impossible to produce best-selling programs. It is inevitable that the operation of TV stations will deteriorate.

Production company:The situation is more serious. Once the recorded "inventory" of the TV station is completely used up, it is possible to fill the vacancy with elaborate or replayed programs, but the production company will hardly earn a penny. Focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises, the reduction of production will make their financial situation deteriorate rapidly, and many cases of bankruptcy may also occur.

Freelancers working on site:It is also facing "nowhere to go." It is reported that the Japanese Variety Recording Association will employ a large number of freelance assistant directors, directors, radio writers, etc., and the programs will stop being included, so that the income of such staff will plummet.

A well-known program director (40 years old) said helplessly that the TV station stopped filming on location and at least five programs he was recording were cancelled. The current income can only last for two months. If it continues, it is expected that the income will be reduced by 3 million yen (about 190,000 RMB) in June and July. "There may be only 150,000 yen (9,000 yuan) in income every month, and my wife is very anxious because she is running out of money every day." Another assistant director in charge of late-night programs (20 years old) said that the cancellation of recording led to a substantial reduction in the number of staff needed, and he had to consider part-time take-away food delivery in order to make money.

　

"Variety Coffee" is facing unemployment, and big-name artists pay their own money for epidemic prevention.


Due to the shutdown of several dramas caused by COVID-19, the living conditions of Japanese entertainment industry are not optimistic. With the death of Ken Shimura, the "master comedian", due to COVID-19, Professor Kurosawa, a member of the funny trio Mori No.3 Middle School, was diagnosed, and the entertainment circle was in an uproar.

However, according to the agency’s survey of micro-loan business owners, 82% of business owners said that they "don’t want to borrow" on the grounds that "I don’t know if their future work can go smoothly and the repayment prospect is uncertain".

The epidemic has also affected big-name artists. With the program completely stopped recording, Shinobu Sakagami, Teruyoshi Uchimura, Hiroiki Ariyoshi, Suo George and other so-called "variety coffee" have begun to be "unemployed".

The picture of Shinobu Sakagami comes from the Internet.


Teruyoshi Uchimura (middle) pictures come from the Internet.

Secret:It is reported that apart from wage-based artists, most artists in Japan have no income without jobs, and the redder the artists, the higher their pay. Affected by the epidemic, the long-term sponsors of TV stations are accelerating their departure, and production costs must also be controlled. In this way, compared with making new programs, TV stations would rather replay old programs, or give up high-paid stars and choose young artists with a recording reward of about 30,000-100,000 yen (2,000-6,500 yuan) for emergency.

In addition, the music program is blocked, which also causes idol artists or groups to reduce their exposure. "THE MUSIC DAY (Japanese TV station) and the Music Day (TBS), and even the Red and White Song Festival (NHK) on New Year’s Eve, also began to spread that it would be suspended. If it is an idol artist, this large-scale music program is the best publicity opportunity in the past. " Relevant personnel of a record company revealed.

"Red and White Songs" live. The picture comes from the Internet.

And even the film and television artists who have not stopped working in the crew spend every day in anxiety. It is reported that Kimura Takuya took a special humidifier and air purifier with him when shooting "BG~ Guard 2".

Kimura Takuya’s "BG~ Guard 2" stills. The picture comes from the Internet.

Sakai Masato put on a three-layer mask immediately after filming Naoki Banzawa 2. Knowing that the staff did not prepare masks, he also provided 1000 masks from his own pocket. Y?ji Oda specially arranged a camper for himself when filming "The Lawyer in Gold 2", which was also out of his own pocket.

Stills of Sakai Masato’s Naoki Banzawa 2. The picture comes from the Internet.

Koji Matoba, a Japanese actor, said on the social platform on the 6th that both actors and staff are facing the danger of unemployment. His filming in June has been confirmed to be postponed, and it is said that it will start at the end of July at the earliest; A series of work schedules, such as the recording of variety shows and Shang Yan, were almost completely suspended. Koji Matoba also revealed that some local production companies in Japan have been forced to close down. "This is a crisis in the Japanese entertainment industry."

-broadcast platform-

　

Japanese audience suggested that the old drama be replayed, and the variety show plan was "remote recording"

　

The new drama in the spring is in a bleak business, and the TV station has to fill the schedule with old dramas. TBS announced that three new dramas, such as Naoki Banzawa 2, were postponed, and it also said that the time slot would be adjusted to broadcast two old dramas, namely, the special collection of Xiamachi Rocket and the masterpiece selection of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. It is reported that "Xiamachi Rocket", starring Hiroshi Abe, was broadcast in 2015 and won many Japanese drama academy awards. "Obstetricians and Gynaecologists", starring G Ayano, was broadcast in 2015, and once received an average audience rating of 11.41% in that year.

Stills of "Obstetrician Hong Bird". The picture comes from the Internet.

For Japanese TV stations, replaying the old drama is only a helpless move to make up for the new drama, but it has won the audience’s love unexpectedly. According to Japanese media reports, The First Night of the Special Collection of Xiamachi Rockets broadcast on TBS on April 5th, the average family ratings were 9% in kanto region and 8% in Kansai, which even outperformed some new dramas.

Some netizens commented that they hope that TV stations can take this opportunity to let viewers order, or they can take stock of some old dramas of their own TV stations in the past. The comment was praised by thousands of netizens. Many netizens have begun to seriously order old dramas. "If possible, can Fuji TV replay the masterpiece selection of the trilogy" Gu Chu Ren Saburo "? If it is a medical theme, I also like "Medical Dragon". "

As for the variety show, some TV stations have interrupted location shooting and studio recording, and some programs have begun to seek countermeasures such as recording without audience and "remote performance".

Coping with:For example, can I go to your home with you? Originally, it was a purely external shooting program. The program group would randomly find passers-by at the station when the trams were out of service in the middle of the night and ask if they could go to see others. However, as the number of infected people in Tokyo has greatly increased, there are fewer and fewer people traveling at night, so the program group has to publish the "shooting guide", stating the basic mode of shooting, such as looking around the whole room, being close to shooting interesting places, shooting the most authentic appearance while chatting with their families, etc., and replacing the recording of the program group with amateur self-recording. "In order to ensure the broadcast, new challenges must be carried out. We hope that everyone can enjoy recording programs at home. " Gao Qiao Hiroshi, producer of the program, said.

"Can I go to your house with you? 》。 The picture comes from the Internet.

Junichiro Nakagawa, a news editor who participated in the live recording of TBS on April 2, said that everyone in the TV station seems to be working with the consciousness of "not wanting to be infected by gathering". In the past, there were a lot of fans outside the live broadcast, but there was almost no one there that day. The TV station will write down the precautions for the staff in advance, such as "alcohol disinfection when entering the station" and "all staff should check their body temperature before entering the studio". During the recording, the staff must also all wear masks; After the recording starts, except that the staff and performers will keep a long distance, other performers also adopt remote "cloud recording".

In addition, many artists’ offices have also spawned the "online cloud entertainment" approach due to the epidemic. For example, on March 17th, Genese announced that it had suspended all performances, and since March 28th, it has released the video images of its artists to fans on the video website. LDH also announced in March that it would release the concert video materials of many artists such as EXILE, J Soul Brothers, E-girls, etc. for a limited time, so as to alleviate everyone’s negative emotions. Ebex also released the concert images of its artists such as Ayumi Hamasaki, TRF and Kumi Kouda.

It is worth mentioning that although entertainment variety shows have been hit hard, some news programs have gradually increased their ratings due to the epidemic. It is reported that in February, NHK TV broadcasted the news content related to "The requirement for the suspension of primary and secondary schools nationwide" (February 17 -23), and the average audience rating of family programs was 12.4%. At the same time, the ratings of news programs in the same period rose to 17.9 again on March 23 -29 one month later.

Beijing News reporter Z Ryan

Editor Tong Na proofreads Lin Zhao.

　

　

　

　

　

Degraded year-end award of Dachang： Last year, a Huawei mobile phone, this year’s cultural shirt plus self-heating hot pot.

On December 8th, a user whose authentication information is an employee of a big factory posted a message on the social platform, saying, "The year-end awards of big factories this year are a little rolled up", and also listed some year-end award plans of Netease, Xiaomi and Tencent.

The screenshot of its exposure shows that the year-end award of Netease’s "Harry Potter Magic Awakening" project team is as high as 888,888 yuan; Xiaomi, who made a profit of 78.06 billion in the third quarter, and the year-end award of the smart factory technology department will be paid for 8 months; Tencent’s League of Legends project team is even more amazing, with a year-end bonus of 1.2 million yuan per person in cash. On this basis, there will be a superposition of sunny days and stocks. ……

"Not so much," an employee of Tencent’s mobile game department told the Times Weekly reporter that the employee did not disclose the specific amount. Another employee close to the game department said, "Anyway, double-digit monthly salary, plus company stock and extra bonus of the department".

People close to Netease confirmed the year-end award of the Harry Potter project team on the Internet to the Times Weekly reporter. "It’s really true, but it’s not too much for one person to get 880,000 yuan for the game of 2.3 billion yuan in the first month."

Harry Potter Magic Awakening is one of the hottest games this year, which also makes the staff of the game project team stand at the top of the year-end award.

Everyone on the internet scolds the big factory, but in reality everyone wants to enter the factory. A large number of netizens shouted "envy", but some netizens pointed out that "the Internet is seriously polarized, and people who get high-paying year-end awards are hairy and horny." "Thanks for inviting me, I have just been laid off, so don’t try to trick me into entering the factory again."

A large factory employee who is not a game line told the Times Weekly reporter, "Last year, the year-end bonus was one Huawei per capita. This year, it was a self-heating hot pot plus two cultural shirts. The self-heating hot pot has not been sent yet. I don’t know if there is one, but I have got the cultural shirt. "

As early as half a month ago, many Internet companies were exposed to layoffs, and some employees were laid off before they got the year-end award; In the cold winter, some people voluntarily give up the 100,000-year-end bonus and change jobs to find a stable job.

From the outside world, Internet giants are experiencing a cold winter. And layoffs for the winter and the year-end bonus in full swing may be the real side of big factories.

In recent years, at the end of each year, many people have been screened by the year-end award of Dachang.

Time Weekly reporters sorted out public reports and found that the "2021 Momo Online Annual Meeting Guidelines" showed that at the end of last year, Momo’s formal employees each received a year-end bonus package, including the iPhone12 Pro Max 256G； with a market price of 10,099 yuan; Tencent distributed the "Sunshine Award" to employees who made special contributions: 100 shares of the company per person, which was equivalent to more than RMB 60,000 according to Tencent’s share price at that time; ByteDance gave each employee a New Year red envelope of 588-6888 yuan. ……

Earlier in the golden age of the Internet, Baidu CEO Li Yanhong announced at the company’s annual meeting in 2015 that some employees got a 50-month salary for the year-end award. In the same year, some employees of Ali revealed that they got 150,000 year-end bonus and 3,000 shares at the end of the year, which was equivalent to 100 months’ salary at that time.

In the context of downsizing, cost reduction and efficiency improvement of Internet giants this year, the year-end bonus of 1.2 million yuan and 888,888 yuan was concentrated on game projects.

"The game department is the’ spire’ of the year-end awards of major manufacturers in 2021. Revenue is the best in all businesses. Take Tencent as an example. If the game business earns one month, it will be enough for the PCG business group to lose one quarter. " Wang Tao from a first-line factory said. According to several employees of big factories, after consulting the comprehensive ranking of salary and prospect, some big factories default to a pyramid class: the top three layers are game/social platform, investment strategy department and cloud business.

It’s not just the game departments of big factories that are doing well. Feng Hao, an employee of a second-tier game company, told Time Weekly that the games developed by a project team of the company have a monthly flow of over 100 million yuan in South Korea, and the year-end award of the project team is 100 million yuan, which is divided by dozens of people in the group.

In Feng Hao’s view, it is normal for game companies to issue year-end bonuses of tens of months’ salary. "Many game companies not only have year-end awards, but also half-year awards. After all, millions of players have hundreds of people. "

It is understood that the year-end bonus of game company programmers is directly linked to the company’s profits. The most common ones can also get more than a dozen monthly salaries. When the business is closely related to the company’s profit, there will be a high bonus package, and the irreplaceable technology "Daniel" will also have stocks and options as year-end rewards.

"Now the mobile game market is seriously involved, and some games will last for one or two years. Of course, it will be more’ hard’ when the year-end awards are issued." Feng Hao believes that the high profit and high return of game research and development is the reason why it has become the "spire" of the year-end award.

Compared with the stunning year-end awards in the upstream, the temperature in the lower pyramid is much colder.

"The business of to C is getting worse and worse these days, and it is basically less than who loses. I no longer expect the number of year-end awards. " Looking at the business group with thousands of people sharply reduced, an employee of the content department of a big factory expressed his concern to the reporter of Time Weekly.

The employee revealed that the year-end award of his underlying business line is said to be between 0.8 and 4 monthly salaries. According to the average monthly salary of 20,000 yuan in this department, it is about 16,000-80,000 yuan. "The year-end award of the game business is almost ten times that of ours."

"The year-end awards of Internet manufacturers are very polarized, either really fragrant or miserable." Wang Tao told the Times Weekly reporter. He is at the bottom of the pyramid of the internet industry. There are many accidents in the group this year, and the year-end award is only 0.8 months of salary subsidy, which adds up to no more than 20,000.

According to the survey data issued by 36Kr United Kurun Data and Pulse, in 2020, the proportion of Internet practitioners who "have never had a year-end award" reached 8.49%, which is the highest compared with the financial, legal, biochemical and environmental materials industries. Secondly, 25.3% of Internet practitioners have a year-end bonus of more than 10,000 yuan, and 2.9% have a year-end bonus of more than 50,000 yuan. However, at the same time, there are 23.1% people who are lower than 1000 yuan’s year-end bonus, and the gap is very large.

"How to find a way to escape, the water temperature at the bottom is too cold." Since the year-end award won last year was at the bottom of the factory, Wang Tao had the idea of leaving. The data shows that 44.88% of the people in the workplace chose to "strike hard" and quit when the year-end bonus was not in place; Although 17.23% people will not leave their jobs on the spot, they will plant the seeds of dissatisfaction in their hearts and become one of the reasons for job-hopping.

The topic of "job-hopping at the end of the year" has recently rushed to the top of the hot list of workplace social platforms. Among the main reasons for choosing job-hopping at the end of the year, "I hope to get a raise" is the most important reason.

Feng Hao decided to put up with it again.

"The big environment is not ideal, and job-hopping needs to take a lot of risks at this time," Feng Hao said, at least until next spring. "Besides, not every company has a year-end bonus, so we should cherish our current job."

According to the "Investigation Report on White-collar Year-end Awards in 2020" released by Zhaopin, the average national white-collar year-end awards in 2020 is 7826 yuan. Only 29.2% of people have a year-end award of over 10,000 yuan. In other words, getting a year-end award of 10,000 yuan will defeat more than 70% of office workers in the country.

In addition to job-hopping at the end of the year, many people chose to "adjust their posts and climb the slope". Under the invisible class, most employees in large factories want to climb the first three floors of the pyramid through internal post adjustment. The middle-level leaders of Wang Tao’s department even gave up the year-end bonus of several hundred thousand yuan in the original department in order to change to a more promising department.

But is it safe to switch to the "spire"? How long can the year-end award of the big factory that is hot searched every year last? Wang Tao is not sure.

"We used to say that the Internet is to recruit 10 people, do 40 people’s work and pay 20 people’s wages. Now the dividend has gradually disappeared. " Wang Tao believes that it is rare to win the year-end award of 1.2 million in the Internet giant, and more factory workers are still struggling in the cold water at the bottom.

(At the request of the interviewee, Wang Tao and Feng Hao are pseudonyms.)

This article is from the WeChat WeChat official account "Time Weekly" (ID: TimeWeekly). Author: Guo Zihao, Shi Enze, published by 36Kr with authorization.

Are food additives harmful？ Let us know food additives scientifically.

????Many people often say that snacks are all additives, and even an ice cream contains more than a dozen food additives, which are unhealthy.

????They firmly believe that food without food additives is safer. So, what exactly is a food additive? Are food additives really unhealthy?

????What are food additives?

????According to the provisions of China’s Food Hygiene Law (1995), food additives are artificial or natural substances added to food to improve the quality of food such as color, aroma and taste, as well as to meet the needs of preservation and processing technology.

????At present, there are 23 categories and more than 2,000 varieties of food additives in China, including acidity regulators, anti-caking agents, defoamers, antioxidants, bleaches, leavening agents, colorants, color protectors, enzyme preparations, flavor enhancers, nutritional fortifiers, preservatives, sweeteners, thickeners and spices.

????Are there food additives in snacks?

????There has long been a misconception that food additives are equated with "unsafe", and the public pays more attention to its related information. Especially in recent years, many foods are advertised as selling points under the banner of "no additives". The proliferation of such content will have a serious impact on the food industry, industrial development and people’s health.

????Food additives will undergo strict safety evaluation before being approved for use. So far, no incidents that harm consumers’ health due to standardized use of food additives have been found.

????The misunderstanding of food additives reflects many people’s distrust of industrial production and non-"natural", such as watching advertisements for skin care products and thinking that it would be better to write natural herbs; When people talk about nutritional supplements, they think that they are synthetic and there is no need to eat them. It is enough to rely on daily diet.

????In fact, if the daily diet is unreasonable, or because of the wrong concept of nutrition, eating some dietary supplements properly will have more health benefits.

????Food additives are synthetic or natural substances added to food to improve the quality of color, aroma and taste, and according to the needs of preservation, preservation and processing technology.

????Whether or not to add food additives is determined by the nature of food and production technology. For foods with high protein content, a certain amount of preservatives must be added to ensure the food quality and safety, otherwise it is easy to spoil.

????Therefore, food safety can’t be judged simply by whether there are food additives, and food safety can be guaranteed by standardizing the use of food additives, conforming varieties and moderate dosage. The food without food additives has a short shelf life and is easily spoiled.

????The main functions of food additives

????Food additives have greatly promoted the development of food industry and are known as the soul of modern food industry. This is mainly because it brings many benefits to food industry, and its main functions are as follows:

????1. Prevent deterioration

????For example, preservatives can prevent food spoilage caused by microorganisms, prolong the shelf life of food, and also prevent food poisoning caused by microbial pollution. Another example: antioxidants can prevent or delay the oxidative deterioration of food, so as to improve the stability and storage resistance of food, and at the same time, prevent the formation of auto-oxidation substances of oil that may be harmful. In addition, it can also be used to prevent enzymatic browning and non-enzymatic browning of foods, especially fruits and vegetables. These are of certain significance to the preservation of food.

????2. Improve the sensory properties of food.

????Proper use of colorants, color fixatives, bleaches, edible spices, emulsifiers, thickeners and other food additives can obviously improve the sensory quality of food and meet people’s different needs.

????3. Keep improving nutritional value

????Proper addition of some food nutritional fortifiers in food processing can greatly improve the nutritional value of food, which is of great significance to prevent malnutrition and nutritional deficiency, promote nutritional balance and improve people’s health.

????4. Increase variety and convenience

????There are more than 20,000 kinds of food in the market for consumers to choose from. Although most of these foods are produced through certain packaging and different processing methods, in the production engineering, some products with good color, fragrance and taste are mostly added with coloring, flavoring, seasoning and other food additives to varying degrees. It is these numerous foods, especially the supply of convenience foods, that bring great convenience to people’s lives and work.

????5. Convenient food processing

????The use of defoamers, filter AIDS, stabilizers and coagulants in food processing can be beneficial to food processing operations. For example, when δ lactone gluconate is used as the coagulant of tofu, it can be beneficial to the mechanization and automation of tofu production.

????In the final analysis, the safety of food additives depends on the amount and intake, which is not necessarily related to the variety and quantity used. As long as the food additives are used reasonably according to the requirements of national standards, the safety of food additives is guaranteed, and everyone does not have to worry too much.

Paying attention to the safety of children’s medication： from the ＂children’s prohibition＂ of Bupleurum injection

　　CCTV News:A few days ago, official website City, National Medical Products Administration issued an announcement to revise the instructions of Bupleurum Injection, in which "Children are forbidden" was added to the taboo. For people born in the middle and late 20th century, this is undoubtedly a kind of "emotional robbery" from childhood, so that when it is mentioned that "another commonly used drug for children has become a banned drug", many people may not remember that this drug was recommended for use because of its "few side effects", but they can always recall the "myth" of "going to the hospital with a fever, and getting an injection at their parents’ words" the disease will be cured ". … After the injection, I was still crying and being carried out of the hospital by adults.

　　Back to reality, Bupleurum injection will "quit" the ranks of antipyretic drugs for children. According to insiders, in pharmacy, banned drugs are the most stringent restrictions and must not be used. What does this mean? Some analysts said that this is a sign of progress, which is good from the perspectives of clinical safety, Chinese medicine supervision and economic benefits.

　　What are the reasons for the change from "commonly used drugs" to "prohibited drugs"?　

　　In the 1940s, Bupleurum injection, as the world’s first traditional Chinese medicine injection, began to be used in clinic. At that time, during the Anti-Japanese War, drugs were scarce, and Bupleurum was boiled into decoction, which was further made into injection by decocting and distilling to treat fever caused by colds and malaria. In that special period, it played a certain role. According to insiders, "Bupleurum Injection" is a beneficial attempt of traditional Chinese medicine injection, but it is not a successful product.

　　As early as 2007, Bupleurum Injection was listed in the "List of Injections with Serious Adverse Reactions" by the State Food and Drug Administration. National Medical Products Administration requested to add warning words in the revision of the instruction manual of Bupleurum Injection. The contents should include: the adverse reactions of this product include anaphylactic shock, which should be used in medical institutions with rescue conditions. Users should be trained in anaphylactic shock rescue, and allergic reactions or other serious adverse reactions after taking the drug should be stopped immediately and treated in time. The report and monitoring of adverse drug reactions directly affect the use of drugs. An important job of hospital pharmacists is to observe, collect and sort out adverse reaction reports, and report them to the ADR monitoring center through the monitoring system at the first time. At the same time, through the analysis of the collected adverse reaction reports, preventive measures to prevent adverse reactions are put forward to ensure the safety of patients’ medication.

　　With the gradual improvement of drug management, the concept of disease treatment is also developing. In the past, it was said that "a shot will cure you", but now when you walk into the hospital, the slogan "You can take it orally without intramuscular injection, but you can inject it without infusion" can be seen in the fever clinics of hospitals at all levels. Insiders pointed out that at present, China’s drug use for special groups such as children and pregnant women is more strictly regulated. This is a matter of principle and is in line with international practice. At present, Bupleurum injection is widely available, safe and effective for children to reduce fever. Under the principle that it can be taken orally without intramuscular injection, it is reasonable for Bupleurum injection to be changed from a commonly used drug for children to a banned drug.

　　The proportion of injections in adverse drug reactions remains high. According to the National Annual Report on Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring (2017), according to the statistics of drug administration routes, intravenous drug administration accounted for 61% of adverse drug reactions/events reports, up 1.3% over the previous year; The monitoring reports in recent two years show that injection accounts for more than 80% of the distribution of drug dosage forms involved in children’s adverse drug reactions/incidents reports. Re-evaluation of drugs after listing is undoubtedly the top priority.

　　What does the re-evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injection reflect?

　　In the 1970s, there were more than a thousand kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections, but there were quite a few or even the vast majority of basic research deficiencies and defects. This has also become one of the reasons for frequent adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine injection. In 1985, China implemented the Drug Administration Law, and the supervision of traditional Chinese medicine injections was gradually strengthened. Drugs with large side effects and low safety began to be phased out. By the 1990s, after rectification, the varieties of traditional Chinese medicine injections were 10 times lower than before — — There are more than 100 varieties. In view of the safety problems of more than 100 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine injections or stocks, in 2002 and 2006, National Medical Products Administration has been rectified twice.

　　The "2017 Drug Evaluation Report" released in March 2018 pointed out that the key work to be carried out in 2018 includes studying and starting the re-evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injections and formulating the technical guiding principles for re-evaluation. It is worth mentioning that Jiao Hong, the director of National Medical Products Administration, who took office in March 2018, had been in charge of the field of medical devices for a long time. As soon as he took office, he intensively conducted research in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, and listened to the constructive opinions of relevant experts on the re-evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injections, the supervision of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, and the proper handling of landmark upgrading to the national standard. Insiders pointed out that these directly refer to the problems left over from the history of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　In October 2017, the General Offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Review and Approval System and Encouraging the Innovation of Pharmaceutical Medical Devices, proposing that the review and approval of pharmaceutical injections should be strictly enforced, and the listed pharmaceutical injections should be re-evaluated according to the progress of pharmaceutical science, so as to be basically completed in about 5 to 10 years. At that time, Bi Jingquan, the former director of the State Food and Drug Administration (now the Party Secretary of the State Administration of Markets), had to accelerate the evaluation of consistency of drug quality and efficacy, explore the methods of consistency evaluation of injection quality and efficacy, and start the re-evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine injections.

　　As early as July 2009, the State Food and Drug Administration issued a series of documents, such as "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Safety Re-evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections", and started the re-evaluation of the safety of traditional Chinese medicine injections, which has achieved initial results.

　　Looking back on the road of "re-evaluation" of traditional Chinese medicine injections in recent 9 years, it can be described as twists and turns. According to insiders, the reason is nothing more than two points: high cost and lack of enthusiasm of pharmaceutical companies; It is difficult to implement and the working rules are not clear. In order to make the development of Chinese medicine industry more orderly and meet the people’s demand for drugs, we must persist in taking the people as the center, deepen the reform of the evaluation and approval system, and ensure that all reform tasks are put in place within the time limit.

　　Children’s safe drug use is a cliche. How to come up with new ideas?

　　Let’s go back to another protagonist of Bupleurum injection "Children are forbidden". There are 280 million children in our country, and the country is strong if the children are strong! Let children grow up healthily and happily, which is the greatest wish and expectation of every family, and also the foundation and support for the country to become prosperous and strong. We should always give priority to the healthy development of children and promote the priority supply of drugs for children.

　　At present, the current situation of children’s medication in China is as follows: among more than 6,000 pharmaceutical enterprises, there are only more than 10 enterprises specializing in the production of children’s medication, accounting for about 0.17%; There are more than 3,600 kinds of prescription drugs for adults, and only more than 60 kinds of special drugs for children, less than 1.7%; There are more than 176,000 drug approvals in China, but there are only more than 3,500 children’s drugs, accounting for only 2% of the total drug approvals.

　　The shortage of drugs for children is mainly affected by three factors: imperfect laws and regulations such as market access and price policy; Drug research and development is difficult, and children’s drug research and development is one of the most expensive, time-consuming and complicated fields in clinical trials, and it is difficult to recruit (children volunteers) for clinical trials; The market space is small.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to improve the drug supply guarantee system. In view of the shortage of children’s drugs and the lack of research and development motivation, the state has also introduced a series of policies and measures. In the 2017 edition of the medical insurance drug list, 91 kinds of children’s drugs were added, and there were 540 drugs or dosage forms clearly suitable for children in the drug list; The priority evaluation system for children’s medication has been continuously improved, and the protection of children’s medication has been strengthened; In the State Council’s opinion on drug procurement, it is suggested that generic drugs for women and children can be directly purchased online without bidding, but these are far from enough.

　　To solve the problem of children’s drug shortage, some experts said that traditional Chinese medicine with relatively mild properties has become a new field of children’s drug research. Classic prescriptions, historical prescriptions and folk prescriptions have relatively exact effects on the treatment of children’s diseases and should be used scientifically and reasonably. In the government work reports of the two sessions this year, it is pointed out that it supports the inheritance and development of Chinese medicine. While inheriting ancient books, we should further promote the utilization and development of traditional Chinese medicine by means of modern science and technology. (Text/Zhang Ke)

Gree Group ＂changed coaches＂ and the new chairman took office on the eve of the Spring Festival.

Zhongxin Jingwei, February 19 th Gree Group "changed coaches"! On the 19th, the topic # Gree Group welcomes new chairman # boarded the hot search in Weibo.

Gree Group official website screenshot

Official website of Zhuhai Gree Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Gree Group") shows that Kang Hong is the Party Secretary and Chairman of Gree Group.

Zhongxin Jingwei noticed that Gree Group wrote in the article "Safety Supervision, Keeping Safe, Caring and Warming People’s Hearts | Gree Group Launches Pre-holiday Safety Production Inspection and Trade Union Consolation Activities" released on February 10, "On the eve of the Spring Festival, Kang Hong, Party Secretary and Chairman of Gree Group, led a team to Zhuhai 12-inch TSV Three-dimensional Integrated Production Base Phase I, Gechuang No.1 and other projects under construction to conduct research".

Gree Group official website screenshot

Some netizens asked, "What about Dong Mingzhu?" Some netizens enthusiastically dispelled doubts, "This is Gree Group, and Dong Mingzhu is Gree Electric".

Weibo screenshot

Official website, Gree Group, introduced that Gree Group was established in March 1985, and it is the first state-owned capital investment operation platform in Zhuhai. The credit rating of the enterprise is AAA, and its business covers industrial investment, construction investment, urban renewal, construction and installation, service operation and other fields. By the end of 2023, the total assets of Gree Group exceeded 113.2 billion yuan and the total owner’s equity exceeded 48.3 billion yuan.

Dong Mingzhu is the chairman and president of Zhuhai Gree Electric Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Gree Electric). Gree Group has been the controlling shareholder of Gree Electric. Since 2006, Gree Group has continuously reduced its shareholding in Gree Electric from the initial 50.28% to 18.22% in 2019.

At the end of 2019, Gree Group and Zhuhai Mingjun signed the Share Transfer Agreement, and Zhuhai Mingjun received 15% equity of Gree Electric for 41.662 billion yuan. After the equity transfer, Gree Electric changed from a listed company controlled by Zhuhai State-owned assets to an enterprise without controlling shareholders and actual controllers.

Wind shows that by the end of the third quarter of 2023, Gree Group held 3.4% of the shares in Gree Electric, making it the fourth largest shareholder in Gree Electric.

In addition, official website information of Gree Group shows that Gree Electric is not among the core members of Gree Group.

Gree Group official website screenshot

(Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue rainstorm warning at 10： 00.

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue rainstorm warning at 10: 00 on July 22:

　　It is estimated that from 14: 00 on July 22 to 14: 00 on July 23, there will be heavy rains in parts of southeastern Inner Mongolia, central and western Liaoning, central and western Jilin, central and western Heilongjiang and southeastern Jiangsu, southern Anhui, Shanghai, northern Zhejiang, northwestern Jiangxi, southeastern Hubei and central Hunan, among which there will be heavy rains (100-130 mm) in southeastern Inner Mongolia, southwestern Jilin and northwestern Liaoning. Some of the above areas are accompanied by short-term heavy rainfall (the maximum hourly rainfall is 30 ~ 60 mm, and the local area can exceed 70 mm), and there are strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　Defense guide:

　　1, the government and relevant departments in accordance with their duties to prepare for the storm;

　　2. Schools and kindergartens should take appropriate measures to ensure the safety of students and children;

　　3. Drivers should pay attention to road water and traffic jams to ensure safety;

　　4, check the city, farmland, fish pond drainage system, ready for drainage.

Do a good job in ensuring the delivery of houses, play a ＂combination boxing＂ and take many measures to ensure the ＂warmth＂ of people’s livelihood

CCTV News:On May 17th, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that together with the General Administration of Financial Supervision and other departments, it will launch a work plan to ensure the delivery of urban commodity housing projects, focusing on enabling ordinary people to get houses that have passed the inspection as scheduled according to the contract, and including more projects in the "white list" to give financing support.

The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that through the work plan, we will fight hard to ensure the delivery of commercial housing projects, prevent the risk of disposal of unfinished projects, promote the timely and quality delivery of projects, and let the people get the houses that have passed the inspection as scheduled according to the contract.

Dong Jianguo, deputy director of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said: "If it is still impossible to hand over the house by exhaustive means, the judicial approach should be taken. In judicial disposal, the legitimate rights and interests of buyers should also be protected in the first place."

Dong Jianguo said that through the plan, the coordination mechanism of urban real estate financing will be further fully utilized, and more projects will be included in the "white list" to provide financing support. At present, 297 cities at prefecture level and above have established the coordination mechanism of real estate financing. In addition, it is necessary to compact the responsibilities of local governments, real estate enterprises and financial institutions. Local governments should assume territorial responsibility, and promote the cooperation between housing and construction, financial management, public security, natural resources, auditing and other departments and the courts, so as to perform their duties and form a joint force. Real estate enterprises should bear the main responsibility, formulate a "one project, one policy" disposal plan, actively dispose of assets and raise funds from various sources to ensure the timely and quality delivery of projects. Financial institutions should implement the due diligence exemption regulations, so as to "make full use of loans" for eligible projects, speed up the approval and issuance of loans, and support the delivery of project construction.

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development: Do a good job of ensuring delivery around four key points

The State Council Press Office held a routine briefing on the State Council policy on May 17th. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that it will do a good job in ensuring the delivery of houses around four key contents.

First, lay a solid foundation for the delivery of commercial housing projects, and prevent the disposal of unfinished risks. In accordance with the principles of marketization and rule of law, we will classify and dispose of commercial housing projects under construction that have been sold but not delivered, promote project construction and delivery, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of buyers. The second is to further play the role of urban real estate financing coordination mechanism to meet the reasonable financing needs of real estate projects. The city government promotes projects that meet the "white list" conditions to "make every effort", and commercial banks "make every effort to lend" to compliance "white list" projects to meet the reasonable financing needs of projects under construction.

Dong Jianguo, Vice Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that the third is to promote the digestion of existing commodity housing. The city government insists on "ordering according to needs" and can organize local state-owned enterprises to purchase a part of existing commercial housing at reasonable prices for affordable housing.

In addition, all localities will properly dispose of the revitalized stock of land. At present, the stock land that has not been developed or started and not yet completed will be properly disposed and revitalized through government recovery and acquisition, market circulation and transfer, and enterprises’ continued development, so as to promote real estate enterprises to alleviate difficulties and reduce debts and promote the efficient use of land resources.

State Financial Supervision and Administration: The coordination mechanism of urban real estate financing will be established and improved.

At present, 297 cities at prefecture level and above have established real estate financing coordination mechanisms. On May 17th, the State Financial Supervision and Administration said that it will establish and improve the coordination mechanism of urban real estate financing, continue to adhere to the policy of the city, fully support the financing and completion delivery of the projects that should be continued, earnestly do a good job in ensuring the delivery of houses, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of buyers.

The coordination mechanism of urban real estate financing is mainly to summarize the real estate projects within its jurisdiction and review the "white list" projects according to the conditions and standards. For projects that do not meet the conditions and standards for the time being, it is necessary to urge all parties concerned to intensify rectification and effectively solve the corresponding problems to make them meet the conditions and standards of the "white list" projects.

Xiao Yuanqi, deputy director of the State Financial Supervision and Administration, said that the "white list" was voluntarily declared by the real estate project company, and the districts and counties in the city were pre-examined and put forward the list. The urban coordination mechanism organizes screening and review, and those that meet the conditions and standards are included in the "white list". Those that do not meet the conditions and standards should be rectified to promote problem solving and form a closed-loop management mechanism.

Xiao Yuanqi said that the coordination mechanism of urban real estate financing should be responsible for optimizing the supervision process of pre-sale funds and reasonably confirming the amount of pre-sale supervision funds. At the same time, it is necessary to compact the responsibilities of real estate enterprises and real estate project companies.

Ministry of Natural Resources: Policies and measures such as disposal of idle land will be introduced soon.

The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Natural Resources said on May 17 that it is ready to introduce policies and measures to properly dispose of idle land and revitalize existing land, and support local governments to properly dispose of idle existing residential land that has been sold by means of recovery and acquisition as appropriate to help enterprises solve their difficulties.

The Ministry of Natural Resources said that idle land should be disposed of in strict accordance with the law, and support for the revitalization and utilization of existing land should be increased. Supporting enterprises to optimize development is mainly to eliminate obstacles to development and construction, reasonably exempt from liability for breach of contract caused by natural disasters and epidemics, and allow enterprises to rationally adjust planning conditions and design requirements according to procedures to better meet market demand.

Liu Guohong, vice minister of natural resources, said that promoting market circulation and transfer is mainly to play the role of the secondary market of land, support advance registration and transfer with mortgage, and encourage transfer or cooperative development. Support local governments to recover idle land at reasonable prices in accordance with the principle of "ordering according to needs" for the construction of affordable housing.

Liu Guohong said that in order to implement the main responsibility of the municipal and county governments, cities and counties are required to establish a coordinated decision-making mechanism to dispose of idle and revitalize existing land and stick to the policy bottom line.

Many problems with the ankle are related to wearing shoes. What should we pay attention to when choosing shoes？

　　Health is an inevitable requirement to promote people’s all-round development, and it is also the common pursuit of the broad masses of the people. At present, with the continuous improvement of people’s health awareness, more and more people realize the importance of sports and actively participate in various sports. However, in the process of exercise, many people have done some damage to their bodies due to lack of knowledge and blind pursuit of exercise. This edition invites experts to explain the injuries that are easily overlooked in life.

　　As the saying goes, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step", and ankle health is the foundation of human standing and sports. However, about a quarter of the people in the world are suffering from ankle diseases to varying degrees. However, due to the hidden symptoms of foot diseases, it is easy to be ignored and delay treatment, thus affecting the quality of life.

　　1. Most ankle diseases are acquired.

　　Bipedal is called the second heart of human body, which is very important to human body.

　　Although the ankle is only a small part of our whole body in terms of volume, and the area of joint contact is much smaller than that of knee joint or hip joint, the ankle bears the weight of our whole body, which will inevitably lead to higher local pressure of joints than other joints, and it is more prone to injury.

　　Foot and ankle is an extremely complex structure, including foot and ankle, and foot is divided into three parts: forefoot, middle foot and hind foot. A small ankle part, the bones alone involve tibia, fibula, and tarsal bones 7, metatarsal bones 5 and toe bones 14, a total of 28. It’s more complicated in terms of joints. Besides the ankle joints (tibiofibular joint, tibiofibular joint and talofibular joint) that we all know, there are tarsal joints such as talocalcaneal joint, talocalcaneal joint, calcaneal roll, cuneiform joint, cuneiform roll and cuneiform roll, tarsometatarsal joint, metatarsal joint, metatarsophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint. From the research field, it includes ankle trauma, podiatry and orthopedics. It should be emphasized that apart from congenital factors, such as congenital clubfoot and flatfoot, most ankle diseases are acquired, such as ankle ligament injury and heel pain.

　　Due to the extremely complex structure of the ankle, many kinds of diseases in each part, and the strength of our whole body in daily life, these factors make our ankle more prone to problems, and the ankle problem is more difficult to treat. Excessive exercise and trauma can cause various ankle diseases, especially ankle sprain, which accounts for 40% of sports injuries. It can be seen that ankle disease is a big problem, and what is most closely related to people, but most easily overlooked, is how to wear shoes.

　　2. Many problems with ankles are related to wearing shoes.

　　Speaking of it, people have been wearing shoes since they learned to walk. Can’t they choose shoes? In fact, most people may not know that many problems with ankles are related to wearing shoes.

　　Bad shoes not only easily cause ligament damage, but also easily lead to many diseases in the ankle. A typical example is that many women who love beauty often wear high heels to cause foot pain. Different heel heights will lead to different forces on the forefoot when walking. The higher the heel, the greater the pressure on the forefoot and the worse the stability when walking, which will cause forefoot pain. At the same time, most of the high-heeled shoes are pointed leather shoes, and when they are worn, they squeeze into the big toe, which is easy to cause the big toe to valgus, which in turn causes the lateral arch of the forefoot of the second to fifth toes to sink, further causing forefoot pain. Overloading the forefoot for a long time will also cause some foot diseases or appearance changes, such as metatarsalgia and Morton’s disease, which are related to wearing high heels for a long time. In addition, the heel of high-heeled shoes is generally thin, which will reduce the stability of the back of the ankle when worn, so it is easy to cause ankle sprain. Therefore, in life, if female friends like to wear high heels very much, it is suggested to choose a high-heeled shoe with low heels and a slightly wider forefoot design. It would be better if we can strengthen the muscle strength of the calf, which will help to increase the stability of walking in high heels.

　　3. What should I pay attention to when choosing shoes?

　　● You can’t have only one pair of sports shoes. What kind of sports shoes should you wear?

　　Although we all know that we should wear sports shoes when exercising. However, it needs to be reminded that no sports shoes can be suitable for all sports. For example, basketball shoes for playing basketball require a thicker sole, a flatter overall, and a higher upper at the back to prevent sprains and slips. Football shoes running on the grass require more flexible ankle movements and lower uppers. The ground where tennis is played is usually hard, which requires shoes to have anti-slip cushioning effect. Jogging, on the other hand, requires slightly lighter jogging shoes with shock-absorbing air cushions. People who exercise regularly must prepare shoes for the corresponding sports.

　　● It is necessary to cut the shoes properly, not to cut the shoes properly.

　　Everyone looks different, and the 28 bones of the ankle are naturally different. It can be said that billions of us can’t find the same feet. To a large extent, the arch of the foot is high and low, and the feet are wide, narrow and fat, all of which need special attention when choosing shoes. For example, people with flat feet have poor cushioning when walking with load, and their feet will hurt when walking too much, so try to choose shoes with raised arch pads. Some people have wide toes, or have eversion, so they should choose loose toes, otherwise it will cause wear between toes, and long-term walking will cause pain. In addition, people with heavy weight should choose elastic shoes when choosing shoes to reduce the impact of walking on the soles of their feet.

　　● Older people choose shoes not as soft as possible.

　　With the increase of age, the fascia and ligament of the ankle will also age, and the bones and joints will also undergo degenerative changes. Compared with young people, the ankles of the elderly are more vulnerable to injury, and the speed of recovery after injury will be much slower than that of young people. Therefore, the elderly should pay more attention to the choice of shoes. A common misconception is that the elderly like to wear soft-soled cloth shoes, and feel that the softer the better. In fact, too soft soles can’t give enough support to the soles of the feet, and at the same time, too soft shoes can’t provide good elastic cushioning, which will increase the damage to the soles of the feet. Old people should choose shoes with sufficient cushioning and good elasticity. The part of the insole that directly contacts the foot surface is also required to be relatively soft and fully fit to the sole of the foot. In addition, if the blood circulation of the soles of the feet of the elderly is poor, they should choose looser shoes. The requirement is not only that there is no squeezing and grinding of the feet when trying on, but also that there is no grinding of the feet when the feet are slightly swollen.

　　● Good-looking and expensive shoes are not necessarily suitable shoes.

　　In modern society, shoes are not only a tool to protect the body from cold, but also an aesthetic requirement and even a symbol of identity. Some shoes are worth several thousand yuan or even ten thousand yuan. However, it needs to be reminded that no matter how beautiful shoes are, you can’t have them if they are not suitable for your feet. Just as many women will find that wearing high heels can cause foot pain, sometimes, expensive shoes are not necessarily suitable shoes. For example, for patients with lateral ankle ligament injury, it is recommended to wear some high-top shoes. This is because a higher upper can provide stability to the ankle joint and reduce the occurrence of sprained ankle. For patients with hallux valgus, when choosing shoes, we should try to reduce the pressure on the forefoot and try to avoid wearing high heels. Similarly, women who often sprain their ankles should wear less high heels, especially those with extremely high heels. Because when wearing high heels, our ankles are in a "plantar flexion" position, which is relatively loose, and thin high heels are not easy to stabilize, which will increase the chance of spraining our ankles.

　　● Don’t wait for the soles to wear out before changing shoes.

　　Although we advocate hard work and simplicity, from the point of view of protecting ankles, don’t wait for the soles to wear out before changing shoes. From the above, I believe everyone already knows that everyone’s feet are different. A pair of suitable shoes needs to have a high fit with your feet. When the sole of a pair of shoes is worn thin, the shape of the shoes changes accordingly. At this time, these shoes are no longer suitable for you and need to be replaced. In life, we often find that a pair of shoes are always worn in a certain part. For example, sometimes, the inside of the heel is worn thin, and other places are fine. In this case, many people are reluctant to change their shoes. But in fact, in layman’s terms, it is this worn-out sole that replaces our feet to bear the damage caused by walking. If it is not replaced in time, it will be our feet that will be damaged next.

　　● Foot pain must not be tolerated, and timely medical treatment is the key.

　　Ankle is a complex structure, and everything can’t be done just by choosing the right shoes. Once there is pain in the foot, you should see an ankle specialist in time. What needs to be understood is that many diseases of the ankle need surgical treatment, and there are still many diseases of the ankle that need standardized rehabilitation training, so I hope everyone will not be careless, so as not to delay the treatment and bring serious consequences.

Can the end-to-end model solve the last mile problem of autonomous driving？

In smart car technology, high-level autonomous driving is a difficult problem that major manufacturers and most Internet giants are trying to overcome. Whoever can take the lead in promoting the landing of advanced autonomous driving technology will be able to take the lead in automobile sales. In the high-order autonomous driving technology, the end-to-end model is the most discussed by all parties.

Compared with the previous model, end-to-end seems to have become the only way for advanced autonomous driving. So what is the end-to-end model? What is the development trend of end-to-end model in China? These problems are worthy of people’s attention.

What is an end-to-end model?

Speaking of the end-to-end model, it is natural to be inseparable from the ChatGPT of this year’s fire. ChatGPT itself is an end-to-end model, that is, by inputting words, customers can get the answers they want.

Whether it’s PPT or video, ChatGPT and other big models may spit it out. In this process, the most critical is the AI model. It can gain insight into users’ needs and produce the content they need.

In the field of autonomous driving, the most famous end-to-end model is Tesla’s FSD V12. The input of this model is all kinds of image data obtained by the camera; The output end is the vehicle control instructions, including steering, acceleration and braking. In the middle, it is a big model that Tesla is proud of.

In the scene of end-to-end model, when the vehicle recognizes some traffic signs or encounters various situations, it will automatically judge according to the past learning situation, instead of looking for a solution to this problem in the code according to various preset preconditions like the traditional model.

What are the advantages of the end-to-end model?

In contrast, in the past, the traditional autopilot model was based on the working conditions set by engineers in advance. The choice of driving behaviors, including lane changing, parking and even overtaking, has been set in advance. This will bring two problems:

Autopilot models are becoming more and more complex. Since each module usually only performs one driving behavior, the automatic driving algorithm needs to include the driving behavior of human drivers as much as possible. Therefore, the code of traditional autonomous driving technology usually has hundreds of thousands of lines of code. This will bring higher and higher requirements for the computing power of smart driving chips. Tesla’s FSD V12 has only 2000 lines of code; While FSD V11 has an astonishing 300,000 lines of code.

Unable to solve the long tail condition. No matter how full the preliminary test and certification are, no autopilot algorithm can say that all the long tail conditions are included. Then once you meet a new long tail working condition, it is very likely that traffic accidents will occur and even life injury accidents will occur.

The best case is that the project operated by GM’s Cruise in California encountered various working conditions that had not been encountered in the previous experimental stage at the beginning of its launch, which led to casualties, forcing the California Highway Bureau to suspend the license of Cruise for a time.

Where is the end-to-end difficulty?

To achieve an end-to-end model, there are two main limiting factors: massive data and large computing power. Only with the blessing of these two factors can the end-to-end model land. In order to make the end-to-end model closer to human drivers, its large model often needs to contain hundreds of millions of parameters. Only with more parameters can the driving characteristics and habits of human drivers be better simulated, and the performance of the model will be better. In these two areas, Tesla has a clear first-Mover advantage.

Not long ago, Tesla just got the certification of domestic data security and privacy protection, and was allowed to enter the government department compound. The reason why Tesla didn’t get the relevant recognition before was that the cameras in each car were collecting all kinds of data in real time and uploading them to the server for training the FSD algorithm.

Looking around the world, Tesla’s newly sold models every year are constantly providing data for the FSD V12 algorithm for the latter to continue to optimize learning.

It is worth mentioning that Tesla’s car also has a "shadow mode". It will compare the deviation between the driving behavior of the owner and the driving behavior determined by the automatic driving system, upload the relevant data together, and also optimize the algorithm.

At the same time, in order to be able to calculate the massive data collected, Tesla also needs a supercomputer center. The core of supercomputing center is the large computing power chip. For this reason, Tesla not only bought a large number of NVIDIA H100 chips, but even developed Dojo chips. The unit price of the former is as high as $35,000, while the investment in research and development costs of the latter is hundreds of millions.

For any enterprise, this is not a small expense. Domestic car companies have basically not been able to develop their own large computing chips. NVIDIA H100 chip has already become a product on the export control list of the United States, and it is difficult for domestic car companies to obtain it.

So is it possible to achieve the end-to-end model with massive data and large computing power? The answer is also no.

From the above description, we can find that the end-to-end model is actually a "black box". If there is an error in the model operation, it is actually difficult for researchers to find out what part of the model is wrong and directly adjust the model.

Theoretically, only through more training, or increasing more parameters and trying to adjust some model parameters can we try to solve the problem. Therefore, whether the autopilot model based on end-to-end technology can finally meet the needs of autopilot technology at the safety level is still very uncertain.

Even so, compared with the traditional autopilot model, the advantages of the end-to-end model are very obvious. Especially when solving the long tail condition, the end-to-end model can give play to the incomparable advantages of the traditional autonomous driving technology model. At present, some new car companies, such as Huawei, Tucki, Weilai and Ideality, have started to introduce the end-to-end model in the domestic market.

Aside from Huawei, which has abundant capital, it is a big challenge for new car companies with limited capital accumulation to balance the input and output returns of end-to-end technology. Not to mention, it is not an easy task to buy large computing chips in China at present.

With the high probability of the end of the year, Tesla FSD V12 will enter the domestic market. What changes will take place in the domestic market structure of autonomous driving technology at that time, which deserves people’s attention.

Hubei fengxi construction Chinese herbal medicine planting industrial park

The development of under-forest economy in Fengxi Town, Zhuxi County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province has accelerated. After the Chinese herbal medicine seedling breeding center was put into operation, the Chinese herbal medicine planting industrial park project has recently started construction.

The newly-started construction of Fengxi town Chinese herbal medicine industrial park project is a key project in Fengxi town to vigorously develop the cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines under forests, adjust the layout of agricultural industrial structure, and help farmers increase their income. With a total investment of 5 million yuan, the project plans to build 48.63 mu of standardized Chinese herbal medicine planting greenhouse base and 625 mu of Chinese herbal medicine planting demonstration area under the forest, focusing on the development of authentic medicinal materials such as Gastrodia elata, Polygonatum sibiricum and Rhizoma Paridis, and simultaneously supporting 5 km of industrial road and intelligent irrigation system to build a modern Chinese herbal medicine industry demonstration park integrating planting, processing and research. After the completion of the project, it is estimated that the annual output value will reach 6 million yuan, which will drive more than 70 farmers around to realize the double income increase of "land transfer rent+migrant wages".

The project is located in Liangqiao Village, Fengxi Town. The village is rich in mountain resources, and its unique climate and soil are suitable for developing the under-forest economy. By analyzing market trends, attracting multi-party investment, guiding industrial transformation and other measures, the local area empowers the under-forest economy, and truly realizes the development goals of building an industry, enriching the people and driving the economy. At present, about 280 villagers and households in Liangqiao Village have cultivated, processed and managed Chinese herbal medicines under the forest, and cultivated a number of large-scale Chinese herbal medicines under the forest, mainly planting rare Chinese herbal medicines such as Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Paridis, Radix Aesculiginis and Radix Codonopsis. At present, the town has 1 provincial key leading enterprise, 40 professional cooperatives, 45 demonstration bases, 4 primary processing workshops and 1 trading center, with more than 5,000 employees. It has sales outlets for medicinal materials all over the country and cooperates with many well-known domestic pharmaceutical companies. The planned area for planting Chinese medicinal materials under forests exceeds 60,000 mu.

In the next step, Fengxi Town will focus on the under-forest economy in Liangqiao Village, build the Chinese herbal medicine planting industrial park project into a three-dimensional demonstration project, and create a new benchmark for Chinese herbal medicine industry in Qinba Mountain area. At the same time, we will build a small town with Chinese herbal medicine characteristics that integrates leisure, entertainment, health preservation and health care, deeply excavate and sort out the regional culture of Chinese medicine, enhance the cultural connotation of Chinese herbal medicine industry, extend the industrial chain and value chain of Chinese herbal medicine, promote the integration and development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and provide solid industrial support for rural revitalization. (Qin Xin Chen Jianshu)